How to calculate genotype and phenotype …

The phenotypic ratios are the ratios of visible characteristics. The genotypic ratios are the ratios of gene combinations in the offspring, and these are not always distinguishable in the phenotypes. The term "phenotype" refers to the observable physical properties of an organism; these include the organism's appearance, development, and behavior. An organism's phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes. Phenotypic ratio pertains to the relative number of offspring manifesting a particular trait or combination of traits. It can be determined by doing a test cross and identifying the frequency of a trait or trait combinations that will be expressed based on the genotypes of the offspring. 

The genotypic ratio shows the number of times a characteristic of an organism will be seen in the offspring when genes for certain traits are crossed. ... The genotypic ratio for this cross is written 1:2:1. In animals and plants, each gene has 2 alleles or variations, one from each parent. An organism's genotype is its specific combination of alleles for a given gene. So, for example, in the pea plants above, the possible genotypes for the flower-colour gene were red-red, red-white, and white-white. The phenotype is the physical manifestation of an organism's allelic combination (genotype). 

Hence, the term "phenotype" refers to the observable physical properties of an organism; these include the organism's appearance, development, and behaviour. An organism's phenotype is determined by its genotype, which is the set of genes the organism carries, as well as by environmental influences upon these genes.