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How do you explain that 31Ga …

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How do you explain that 31Ga has slightly higher ionisation enthalpy than 13Al although it occupies lower position in the group?

    • Posted by Sakshi Pathak 6 years, 4 months ago

    CBSE > Class 11 > Chemistry
    • 1 answers

    Gaurav Seth 6 years, 4 months ago

    Gallium -Ga -outermost valence shell electronic configuration-4s²4p₁
    Aluminum-Al-outermost valence shell electronic configuration-3s²3p¹
     Before valence shell configuration ,Ga 10 electrons are filled in d-orbitals which has poor shielding effect. so effective nuclear charge will increase and hence Ga will be smaller in size than Al.
    As nuclear charge is more, it is difficult to remove an electron from outermost shell of Ga, hence ionization energy is more than Al.

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