What is cancer

Nishu Goyal 6 years, 7 months ago

Uncontrolled cell division forming tumour intrupting in body function is cancer

Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years, 7 months ago

for more u can go through refresher. ?

Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years, 7 months ago

● Treatment of cancer ○ Radiotherapy − Tumour cells are irradiated to death. Also, proper care is taken for protecting surrounding normal tissues. ○ Chemotherapy − Drugs specific for particular tumours are used to kill cancer cells. They have side effects such as hair loss, anaemia, etc. ○ Immunotherapy− Biological response modifiers such as α- interferons are used. They activate the immune system of patient and helps in destroying the tumour.

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Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years, 7 months ago

➡️Diagnosing cancer ○ Biopsy and histopathological studies ○ Biopsy − Suspected tissue is cut into thin sections and examined microscopically ○ Radiography, CT scan (computed tomography), and MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging) are techniques of diagnosing cancers. ○ C T Scan − 3-D imaging of internals of an organ is generated by X-rays. ○ MRI Scan − Pathological and physiological changes in a living tissue are detected by using magnetic fields and non-ionising radiations. ○ Immunological and molecular biological diagnostic techniques can all be used to detect cancers. ○ Identifying certain genes, which make an individual susceptible to cancers, can help to prevent cancers.

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Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years, 7 months ago

Causes of cancer ○ Carcinogens − Physical, chemical, and biological agents that cause cancer Example - ionizing radiations (X-rays and gamma rays), non-ionizing radiations (UV) ○ Oncogenic (cancer-causing) viruses − They have viral oncogenes (cancer-causing genes). ○ Sometimes normal genes in our body called proto-oncogenes get converted into cellular oncogenes that cause cancer.

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Kamlesh Kumar 6 years, 7 months ago

Explain all topic with details

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Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years, 7 months ago

● The process of development of cancer is called oncogenic transformation. ● Normal cells have the property of contact inhibition (stoppage of growth on coming in contact with other cells), but cancer cells lose this property. ● As a result, cancer cells divide continuously to give rise to mass of cells (tumours). ● Tumours are of 2 types − benign and malignant. ● Benign tumours − Remain confined to their original location and do not spread ● Malignant tumours− These exhibit metastasis i.e., the cells sloughed from such tumours reach distant sites and wherever they reach, new tumour is formed. ● Malignant tumours actually represent cancer. The cells actively divide, grow, and starve the normal cells of vital nutrients.

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