Difference between transcription and translation

Transcription:

1. It is formation of RNA from DNA.

2. The template is antisense strand of DNA.

3. It occurs inside the nucleus in eukaryotes and cytoplasm in prokaryotes.

4. The raw materials are four types of ribo-nucleoside triphosphates — ATP, GTP. CTP and UTP.

5. It forms three types of RNAs — rRNA, tRNA and mRNA.

6. Transcription requires RNA polymerases and some transcription factors.

7. Polymerase moves over the template.

8. An adapter molecule is not required,

9. Product often requires splicing.

Translation:

1. It is synthesis of polypeptide over ribosome.

2. The template is mRNA.

3. It occurs in cytoplasm.

4. The raw materials are 20 types of amino acids.

5. All the three types of RNAs take part in translation.

6. Translation requires initiation, elongation and translocase factors.

7. Ribosome moves over mRNA.

8. Adapter (= adaptor) molecules bring amino acids over the template.

9. Splicing is absent.