What is continental shelf? What are …

Continental shelf:
i. The continental shelf is the extended margin of each continent occupied by relatively shallow seas and gulfs. It is the
shallowest part of the ocean showing an average gradient of 1° or even less.
ii. The shelf typically ends at a very steep slope, called the shelf break. The width of the continental shelves vary from
one ocean to another.
iii. The average width of continental shelves is about 80 km. The shelves are almost absent or very narrow along some of
the margins like the coasts of Chile, the west coast of Sumatra, etc.
iv. On the contrary, the Siberian shelf in the Arctic Ocean, the largest in the world, stretches to 1,500 km in width. The
depth of the shelves also varies. It may be as shallow as 30 m in some areas while in some areas it is as deep as 600 m.
v. The continental shelves are covered with variable thicknesses of sediments brought down by rivers, glaciers, wind,
from the land and distributed by waves and currents. Massive sedimentary deposits received over a long time by the
continental shelves, become the source of fossil fuels.