What are the interactions among biotic …

All living organisms depend upon abiotic factors for their essentials like food, shelter and site of breeding. Plants use the abiotic factors of non-living components for carbon dioxide, water and energy from the sun. This plant gets preyed upon by some herbivorous organism or a parasite. Plant also depends on soil for its mineral nutrients and support. Hence, plant being a biotic component interacts with the abiotic components.
The abiotic components and biotic components influence each other. For example: the type of soil and the climatic conditions determine the type of flora and found in that region. Thus, these biotic and abiotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and energy flows.
Water, air, energy, nitrogen, and soil minerals are essential abiotic components of an ecosystem. The energy is obtained from the sun. Energy enters in the ecosystem through the plants by the process of photosynthesis. This process also takes in carbon, water, and also mineral salts. Animals that feed on these plants play a major role in movement of matter and energy through the system. Most of the primary production in the terrestrial ecosystem is broken down by the decomposers. In a trophic system, the organisms that produce food through photosynthesis are the primary producers. The organisms that consume the primary producers are the herbivorous animals, they are known as primary consumers or secondary producers. Secondary consumers are carnivorous animals that feed on the primary consumers. The sequence of transfer of energy from plants to herbivores and to carnivores forms a food chain.
In an ecosystem there is continuous exchange of energy and carbon with the environment; mineral nutrients are cycled between plants, animals, microbes and soil. Most of the nitrogen enters the system through biological nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixing bacteria are present freely in the soil or in symbiosis with plants. When these plants tissues are consumed the nitrogen in the tissues is available to the animals and microbes. Deposition from the microorganisms releases nitrogen from dead organic matter into the soil.
Hence, abiotic and biotic components interact and work together in an environment that is best for all living organisms. There are diverse factors of ecosystem but each factor plays its own role in the maintenance of the ecosystem.