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| DNA | RNA |
| It usually occurs inside the nucleus and some cell organelles. | Very little RNA occurs inside the nucleus. Most of it is found in the cytoplasm. |
| DNA is the genetic material. | RNA is not the genetic material except in certain viruses, e.g., TMV, Reovirus. |
| It is double-stranded with the exception of some viruses(e.g.,{tex}\phi{/tex} {tex}\times{/tex}174). | RNA is single-stranded with the exception of some viruses(e.g., double-stranded in Reovirus). |
| DNA shows regular helical coiling. | There is no regular coiling except in parts of tRNA. |
| It is Fuelegen positive. | RNA is Fuelgen negative. |
| DNA contains several million nucleotides. | Depending upon the type, RNA contains 70-12000 nucleotides. |
| DNA is of only two types, nuclear and extranuclear. | There are at least three types of RNA-mRNA, rRNA and tRNA. |
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