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Sia ? 2 years, 10 months ago
Two military causes for revolt of 1857 are as follows:
- General services Enlistment act of 1856.
- Cartridges greased with the fats of cow and pig.
Posted by Maariya Ansari 2 years, 10 months ago
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Sia ? 2 years, 10 months ago
In 1857 a sepoy mutiny broke out in East India that became a mass uprising in many parts of the country. The Company had faced rebellions in the past too, but not of this magnitude and extent. The British rulers realised that unless the rebellions are suppressed, their empire was destined to fizzle out. They took swift measures to put down the flame of the rebellion, some were of military nature while others were of political nature.
The important measures taken by the British to suppress the rebellion are as follows:
- The imposition of Marshal Law and large scale of execution: In north India where rebels were holding ground. Marshal Law was imposed. Apart from enforcing the law, military officers also had the power to dispense justice and pronounce conviction and punishment without trial. The punishment was not Just swift, cruel and partisan but in most cases execution. The people were blown up by canons, still, others were hanged by trees. The objective was to terrorize the people and make them subservient to the might of the British empire.
- Diplomacy: The British masters used diplomacy as a tool to weaken and destroyed the rebellions. They tried to win the support of native kingdoms who were not on the side of rebels, by promising them rewards and securing their kingdoms. The communities who were not involved in the mutiny, viz. Sikhs were recruited and sent to fight the rebels.
- Use of technology: The British used technology to get an upper hand in the battlefields. Apart from having superior weapons, it was the superior communication system that routed the rebels. The company used telegram to instantly communicate with others, the rebels were totally clueless about such things.
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Gandhiji felt that Purna Swaraj would not come on its own. It had to be fought for. He was very much worried about government’s Salt Law. In 1930, he decided to break this law.
According to the law, the state had a monopoly on the manufacture and sale of salt. Mahatma Gandhi and other prominent leaders of the freedom struggle thought that it was sinful to tax salt because it is an essential item of our food. Both the rich and the poor needed it equally. Gandhiji felt that his Salt March would become popular and would represent the general desire of freedom to a specific grievance shared by all. On 6 April, 1930, Gandhiji along with his followers marched for over 240 miles from Sabarmati to the coastal town of Dandi. Here, they broke the government law by gathering natural salt found on the seashore, and boiling sea water to produce salt. A large number of people including women participated in this historic march. The government tried to crush the movement through brutal action against peaceful satyagrahis. Thousands were arrested and sent to jail. But the movement played significant role in achieving freedom of India.
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