I. The following items of food were available to the people in Harappan cities:
1. Grains such as wheat, barley, lentil, chickpea and sesame, Millets (found from sites in Gujarat), Rice (although its find is very rare). etc.
2. Meat of cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo, pig.
3. Meat of wild species like deer, boar, gharial etc.
4. Plants and their products.
II. Identification of groups who would have provided the items of food:
1. Farmers would have provided the grains.
2. As cattle , sheep, goat, buffalo etc were domesticated Harappans themselves would have provided the meat.
3. Regarding the meat of wild species of animals we are not sure how Harappans procured it but we can guess that it could be either hunting communities or most probably some of the Harappans themselves hunted the different animals.
4.  For plants and their products Harappan themselves would have gathered it.

A Christian burial is the burial of a deceased person with specifically Christian rites; typically, in consecrated ground. Until recent times Christians generally objected to cremation because it interfered with the concept of the resurrection of a corpse, and practiced inhumation almost exclusively.

The Mauryan pillar capital found at Sarnath is popularly known as lion capital. It is considered very important today because it is our national emblem. It is one of the finest example of Mauryan sculpture. The chakra at its base appears on the national flag. The four lions facing four directions indicate the spread of dharma.

Peasants

• The basic unit of agricultural society was the village, inhabited by peasants who performed the manifold seasonal tasks.
• Several kinds of areas such as large tracts of dry land or hilly regions were not cultivable. Moreover, forest areas made up a substantial proportion of territory.

Zamindars

• The Zamindars held extensive personal lands termed milkiyat, meaning property. Milkiyat lands were cultivated for the private use of zamindars, often with the help of hired or servile labour.
• Zamindars also derived their power form the fact that they could often collect revenue on behalf of the state, a service for which they were compensated financially.

Over the past century, archaeologists working in the Middle East have time and again excavated seals bearing what they call “Indus-style inscriptions”, complete with the script and the usual unicorn or bull. However, such Indus- or Harappan-style seals discovered “overseas”, so to speak, displayed a different shape as well as craftsmanship, being shaped either as circles or cylinders which were “rolled over wet clay rather than pressed upon it.” At times, such seals have also been discovered from within the defined boundaries of the Indus Valley Civilization – or, shall we say, Meluhha, as most modern scholars agree the contemporarily-named Indus Valley Civilization was called at the time of its existence – such as the “Gulf seal” discovered from Lothal, Gujarat. All of these discoveries give rise to many questions: did the people from the-then Dilmun and Magan Civilizations – as the civilizations from the modern-day Bahrain and Oman were respectively known – produce those seals indigenously? If so, did they understand the Meluhhan language? Or did the Meluhhans themselves make different seals for trade-items being sent to different places? In which case, too, the question remains: could the people from neighbouring civilizations understand the script? If they could not, then why did the Meluhhans send them these seals? Or, if those civilizations produced them indigenously, why so? Answers to these questions might hold the key to the decipherment of the Indus Script, by aiding archaeologists in the discovery of a bilingual text: the Rosetta Stone of the Indus Valley Civilization.

In February 1922, Gandhiji decided to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement due to the following reasons-
(i) The movement was turning violent. At Chauri-Chaura in Gorakhpur, a peaceful demonstration in a bazar turned into a violent clash in which more than 20 policemen were killed.
(ii) Gandhiji felt that the Safyagrahis needed to be properly trained before they would be ready for mass struggle.
(iii) Within the Congress, some leaders were tired of mass struggles and wanted to participate in elections to the provincial councils, which were set up under the Government of India Act, 1919.
(iv) Industrialists, workers, peasants etc. interpreted the term ‘Swaraj’ in their own way. At many places like that of Andhra Pradesh, leaders like Alluri Sitaram Raju asserted that India could be liberated only by the use of force. But there values were not approved by the Congress.

I. Biography of Mirabai : Mira, the devotee of Giridhar Gopal occupies special position among the saints of medieval times. The Ganges of devotion, which she flooded with the poetry springing out of her heart, influenced not on to barren land of Rajasthan but the whole of northern India.

Mira was born in Kurki or Chaukri Village of the paragana of Merta or Rajasthan in about 1516 AD. Mira was the daughter of Rana Ratan Singh Rathor, ruler of Jodhpur. Her mother died when she was only 4-5 years old. Her grandfather brought her up. She was much influenced by the religious ideas of her grandfather.

At the age of 18 years, Mira was married to Bhojraj, the son of Sangram Singh, the ruler of Mewar.But the married life of Mira was very short-lived. Only a year after her marriage, Mira’s husband died. Thus, Mira became a widow at an early age. After sometime, Mira’s father-in-law Rana Sangram Singh also died. Now Mira was left without any support. She, therefore, renouncing worldly atachments and lost in devotion to Lord Krishna. She showed hospitality towards saints, and wearing anklets in her feet, she took to dancing before the idol of Krishna. People at her in-law’s house took her activities at contrary to the dignity of the family. They, therefore, torturing her in different ways, tried to put an end to her life. It is said that fed up with her in-laws, Mira sought the advice of Tulsidas through a letter written to him. Tulsidas replied to Mira as under :