Features of Balance of Trade:

Various features of balance of trade have been explained below:

1. Exports and Imports:The elements of the balance of trade are exports and imports. Export of goods means movement of goods from domestic country to foreign country. The vis-a-vis is known as Imports.

2. Visible Goods:Balance of trade constitutes imports and exports of goods. The important features of the goods are that it must be visible, have physical structure, size, shape and form. The goods must be seen and touched, counted, measured and weighed.

3. Material Goods:Goods constitute our imports and exports must be material. It means that non- material goods and services will not constitute imports and exports.

Types of Balance of Trade:

Figure 2.2. Below illustrates various types of Balance of Trade:

1. Favourable Balance of Trade:

The situation, wherein country’s exports exceed imports is a situation of favourable or surplus balance of trade.

2. Unfavourable/Deficit Balance of Trade:

Excess of total value of goods, imported over the total value of goods exported is termed as unfavourable or adverse or deficit balance of trade.

It may also be expressed as under:

3. Equilibrium in Balance of Trade:

Equality between the total value of goods exported and total value of goods imported is termed as equilibrium in balance of trade.

It may also be expressed as under:

The following points state features of WTO
(i) WTO deals with regulation of trade between participating countries.
(ii) WTO provides a forum for negotiations and for setting disputes.
(iii) It is also a centre of economic research and analysis.
(iv) It is an organisation that intends to supervise and liberalise international trade.
(v) It oversees the implementation, administration and operations of the covered agreements.

1.Climate- Cool and moist weather during growth, and warm and dry climate     during ripening is needed.
2.Temperature-An average temperature of 21°C should be maintained.
3.Rainfall-50-75 cm rainfall is required. Rainfall is necessary and beneficial,    15 days after sowing, and 15 days before ripening. A few light winter     showers or assured irrigation ensures a good harvest.
4.Soil- Light loamy soil is required. It can also be grown in black soil.

Important producers- Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

Reasons of migration is divided into two categories

(i) Push factors- The important factors are- poverty, high population pressure on the land, lack of basic infrastructure facilities like health care, education; natural disasters-flood, drought, cyclonic storms, earthquake, tsunami; wars and local conflict

(ii) Pull factors- better opportunities; availability of regular work, relatively higher wages; better opportunities for education; better health facilities; source of entertainment

It links extreme part of country. 
National Highways are the grade roads that connect every major city of India and are the backbone of the road infrastructure. 
National Highways constitute only about 1.7% of the road network but carry about 40% of the total road traffic.
The Indian roadways network ranks as the second biggest roadways network in the world.
The density of the highway network of India is somewhat more as compared to the United States (0.65) 

1.The national highways network of india is a network of trunk road that is managed and maintained by CPWD, Central Public Works Department, an agency of government of India. 
2.The National Highway Authority of India(NHAI) is the nodal agency responsible for building, upgrading and maintaining most of the national highways network. 
3.India has 111,111 km (69,041 mi) of national highways (NH) connecting all the major cities and state capitals as of March 2018.
4. National highways comprise 2.7% of India's total road network, but carry about 40% of road traffic.
5.National highways form economic backbone  of the country and have often facilitated development along their routes. 

The factors that affect the location of rural settlements are as under:
1. Water supply: Generally the rural settlements are found near or around water bodies such as lakes, ponds and rivers because of the water supply is easily available.
2. Land: The man chooses the land where agriculture is possible. Levelled and alluvial plains have high rural population.
3. Upland areas: Human have selected the upland areas where he could save himself from floods etc.
4. Shelter material: For the development of human settlements the availability of material of shelter is also a great factor. The places, where building material such as stone, wood are easily available are mostly settled. For example in the areas of Savana in Africa house are built with un-metalled bricks. While in Tundra houses are built with snow.
5. Defence: Defence is one of the factors which affects the location of rural settlement. Politically unstability or war conflicts the affect the location. Forts are found on hill tops in India.

• These rocks have been formed as a result of the erosion and sedimentation of the rocks of the Archaean system.

• These are the oldest sedimentary rocks.

• No fossil is found here. It is so because either there was no origin of species during their formation or the forms of the fossils got destroyed with the passage of time.

• The Aravali mountain range which is the oldest fold mountain of the world has been made with these rocks.

• The rocks of this system are found in the districts of Dharwar and Shimoga in Karnataka.

• The rocks of this system are found in the southern Deccan region from Karnataka to the Kaveri valley, districts of Bellary, Shimoga, Sasar mountain range in Jabalpur and Nagpur and the Champaner mountain range in Gujarat.

• In north India the rocks of this system are found in the Himalayan ranges of Ladakh, Zaskar, Garhwal and Kumaon, and the long range of Assam plateau.

• The rocks of this system are economically very important.  All prominent metallic minerals (iron, gold, manganese etc) are found in these rocks.

The population of any region changes from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates as the society progresses and from rural agrarian and illiterate to urban, industrial and literate society. These changes are termed as demographic cycle.

The towns that have troops permanently stationed in it. Garrison towns are basically towns where military troops permanently stationed.  Two garrison (cantonment) towns of India - Ambala, Jalandhar.
The functions of Garrison town are:
(i) to defend national security.
(ii) to maintain safely the military equipments.