Advantages of Outsourcing

• Overall Cost Advantage: It eludes the need to hire individuals in‐house; hence recruitment and operational costs can be minimized to a great extent. It reduces the cost and also saves time and efforting on training cost.
• Stimulates Entrepreneurship, Employment, and Exports: Outsourcing stimulates Entrepreneurship, Employment, and Exports in the country from where outsourcing is done. Look at the example of India. After the initial success of call centres, there was a sudden emergence of many small scales and medium scale BPo and KPO companies.
• Low Manpower Cost: The manpower cost is much lower than that of the host country. This is exactly the case with India. We have a very large educated workforce. And this causes the labour cost in our country to be much lower.
• Access to Professional, Expert and High‐quality Services: Mostly, the tasks are given to people who are skilled in that particular field. This provides us with a better level of service and fewer chances of errors or misjudgment.

Disadvantages of Outsourcing

• Lack of Customer Focus: An outsourced vendor may be catering to the needs of multiple organizations at a time. In such situations, vendors may lack complete focus on an individual organization’s tasks. And the reputation of the organization may suffer as a result
• A Threat to Security and Confidentiality: The inside news of the organization may be leaked to the third party, so there are security issues. The leak of sensitive information may result in losses to the company and also be an advantage to competitors.
• Dissatisfactory Services: Some of the common problem areas with outsourcing include stretched delivery time and sub‐standard quality.

The characteristics of India's foreign trade are mentioned below:
1.  India has a share only 0.75% (2003–04) in the total world trade. About 90% of India's foreign trade is done through the sea. Countries sharing a land border with India are either economically backward or they have a political rivalry.
2. As a result of very large population and a small amount of trade, the per capita foreign trade of India is quite low in comparison to that of developed and developing countries.  India has an unfavourable balance of trade.
3.The total imports of India amounted  608 crores increased to 349931 crores in 2003–04 and the export during these years increased from 606 crores to 286442 crores. Most of the foreign trade is handled by only by the 11 major ports of the country
4. Today India exports goods to more than 200 countries and imports from more than 180 countries of the world.  We export more than 8250 types of goods and the diversity of goods imported has also increased.
5. Project exports : This is an invisible item of export. It refers to export at skills include contracts of consultancy, construction and industrial projects. Exports of electronics, computer hardware and software had increased significantly during the recent years.

(i)Net sown area is the proportion of the total areas of the country which is used for growing crops.
(i)Gross cropped area is divided by net sown area. It includes the part of net sown area which is used for two or three crops in a year.
(ii)Out of the known total area of 3046 lakh hectares the net sown area is 1411 lakh hectare. It is 46.32% of the total area.
(ii)For example if 5 hectare net sown area is used for doubled cropping in a year, the gross cropping area will be 10 hectare.
(iii)The distribution of net sown area is not uniform. In northern plains it is very high. In punjab it is 84% while in Mizoram it is 3.1%
(iii)Gross cropped area explain the intensity of cropping in a region. Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, have the high gross cropped area. Rajasthan have the low gross cropped area.

Uttar Pradesh has the largest number of districts in India – 71 districts followed by Madhya Pradesh.

1.    Economic effect: As the supermarket structure arrived in India, it is very difficult for the farmers to sustain. Due to cheap import, small traders are really suffering. On the other hand, globalisation has given chance to expand Indian IT sector+ pharma sector + Agricultural processed material. But the economy gets foreign currency, hence to get more foreign reserve, all are keeping quiet. It is also true that foreign currency gives us chance to have more development activities.
2.    Cultural effect: More and more people are getting attracted towards western lifestyle because of globalisation. We can see significant changes in the expenditure pattern of public nowadays. Consumption is more as compared to savings. They are eager to buy branded and imported good which ultimately results in the increase in current account deficit or causes a trade deficit. Some say that the cultural aspect of globalisation is destroying our culture and values. Swami Vivekananda used to say that one should learn science from the west and let them have a deep sense of our rich moral values.
3.    Social aspect: Nuclear families are coming more in picture due to globalization. MNC's are setup in metro cities. A small town guy gets job in these companies and take a house on rent then after some get married. Nowadays foreign deputation is of high value, which youths cannot resist. But in all these things, he finally loses touch with his parents. Nuclear families are more based on utilitarianism, therefore, in case of any dispute relations ends.
4.    Political effect: International organisations such as World Bank, IMF and WTO are interfering in internal matters of a democratic country, which is not always positive. A global accident can affect internal politics. A rise in right-wing leads to formation of govt. This is a global trend.
5.    Philosophical effect: As per experts, globalisation is a philosophically defined by liberalism. In the year 1991, the fall of Russia leads to rise of America. USA supports open market economy. Thus, Globalisation is making most of the big economies easily penetrable. This is not so good in favour of poor and needy population

Haldia Port has developed 105 km downstream from the Kolkata port in order to reduce congestion at the Kolkata port. Moreover, with heavy siltation, bigger ships find it difficult to dock at the Kolkata port and hence, Haldia port handles the bulk cargo.