The poet points out three types of wars. In the Green wars, we are cutting down the forests and vitiating our green and fresh environment. Then there is a war of poisonous gases that puts all of us in danger. The war of firearms is all the more dangerous. He is against all types of wars. He urges these people to wear clean clothes and walk with other people under shady trees. Here, the poet is referring to create a sense of mutual understanding among all.

Answer:
Pablo Neruda wishes for that exotic moment when mankind will be free from greed, cruelty and harmful actions. Unnecessary rush and noise have caused unpleasantness and troubles. The poet wishes the noise of engines and machines should cease and peace and tranquility should prevail.

The poet asks everyone to stop those activities which are damaging the environment. Today all the human beings are making money by damaging the environment with their activities such as mining, deforestation, letting the chemical waste into rivers, etc. The poet asks us not to do so. He also requests people not to involve in wars as there is no benefit of achieving such victory in which no one is left alive. He says so because wars and environmental damage will lead to no life on earth. Rather, he wants people to adopt a new approach towards life and mankind. He says that you should treat your enemy like brothers and promote peace and harmony in the world.

Keeping quiet is related to life as it helps one to introspect one’s actions. It , also gives one the much needed break from one’s busy schedules. Instructing the people to stay quiet for a moment, Pablo Neruda hints at a state of equilibrium where without any movement or activity we shall get a chance to introspect within ourselves about our views, and activities whether we are right or wrong, true or false. The poet here hints at to introspect to work for unity, peace, and universal brother hood. He advises us to have the retrospection (to look back at our past events) so that we can evaluate our actions in future.

The message of the poem "Keeping Quiet" is that we should be quite and silent for some time and introspect.By doing this we will have more time for understanding each other and we will realise how our activities are damaging the earth.The poet also tells that we should take a lesson from mother earth.It is silent yet nurtures so much life on it.

 the poet does not advocate total inactivity and death. He feels that peace and tranquility should not be understood as utter lethargy. That itself would mean death—the end of everything. He wants a perceptive silence in which people are not obsessed with apparent progress. That to the poet is mere existence and not progress. This silence might postpone the unhappiness linked to the unthinking existence of man that leads to self-destruction.   

Answer : The poet wants us to simply be silent for a moment and utilise that time to understand ourselves as well as others. Besides, speaking can also lead to quarrels, which the poet, perhaps, wants to avoid.

The poet points out three types of wars. In the Green wars, we are cutting down the forests and vitiating our green and fresh environment. Then there is a war of poisonous gases that puts all of us in danger. The war of firearms is all the more dangerous. He is against all types of wars. He urges these people to wear clean clothes and walk with other people under shady trees. Here, the poet is referring to create a sense of mutual understanding among all.

The title “Keeping Quiet” emphasizes the necessity of quiet introspection and creating a feeling of mutual understanding among human beings. It conveys Neruda’s philosophy of an exotic moment of silence and inactivity which can an antidote to war, violence, hatred, exploitation and turmoil. By keeping quiet, mankind can try to understand itself and stop harming itself with death and destruction. Thus, the title is very appropriate.

The young trees described as sprinting because the poet is driving to the Cochin airport. She looks outside and finds that trees coming fast towards her. They seem to be running fast. In fact , it is only the car that is running not the trees. Trees can't sprint they only seen to be sprinting when we pass by them in a fast moving vehicle.

In this poem sprinting trees signify the vitality of youth.

She saw that her mother was sleeping and her mouth was open. She further explains that the colour of her mother’s face was like that of ash. (This means that there was some smoky appearance on her face). She looked like a dead body. The poetess realized that her mother had grown old. She felt pain for her. But soon she tried to get rid of this sad thought by diverting her thoughts towards the trees outside. 

mining, deforestation, letting the chemical waste into rivers, etc.

The poet asks everyone to stop those activities which are damaging the environment. Today all the human beings are making money by damaging the environment with their activities such as mining, deforestation, letting the chemical waste into rivers, etc. The poet asks us not to do so. He also requests people not to involve in wars as there is no benefit of achieving such victory in which no one is left alive. He says so because wars and environmental damage will lead to no life on earth. Rather, he wants people to adopt a new approach towards life and mankind. He says that you should treat your enemy like brothers and promote peace and harmony in the world.

11. The poet’s childhood fear was that she would lose her mother to the cruel hands of death and would thus be separated from her forever. So she feared this separation from her mother.

12. After the airport’s security check, watching her mother standing a few yards away, she spoke, “See you soon “Amma.” These words signify some sort of hope. It shows some promise as well as expectation that she would see her mother again. She might find her alive. So she scatters a smile on her face to pay her mother her lasting tribute. On the other hand she is troubled at heart to leave her mother alone.

13. Kamala Das has presented the complex subtleties of human relationship in this poem. She realises the pain and anxiety of her old-aged mother at sixty-six. She feels that her mother may pass away and leave her all alone. She is conscious of her duty and provides her moral support to see her very soon.

(a)Her mother was lost somewhere else in thoughts. It pained her.
(b)The poet withdrew her thoughts from her mother and looked outside.
(c)The young trees growing outside went past as if they were sprinting. Happy children were coming out of their houses.

d.  The old lady seems to be lost in her thoughts. The poet needs a distraction, a change. She puts that thought away and looks outside. There she gets a picture of life, happiness and activity.

11. The poet’s childhood fear was that she would lose her mother to the cruel hands of death and would thus be separated from her forever. So she feared this separation from her mother.

12. After the airport’s security check, watching her mother standing a few yards away, she spoke, “See you soon “Amma.” These words signify some sort of hope. It shows some promise as well as expectation that she would see her mother again. She might find her alive. So she scatters a smile on her face to pay her mother her lasting tribute. On the other hand she is troubled at heart to leave her mother alone.

13. Kamala Das has presented the complex subtleties of human relationship in this poem. She realises the pain and anxiety of her old-aged mother at sixty-six. She feels that her mother may pass away and leave her all alone. She is conscious of her duty and provides her moral support to see her very soon.

7. The poetess talks of various stages of life. On one side there are merry children play and enjoy in the sun. They represent life, vigour, continuity, power, action and carefree life. On the other there is her aged mother. The continuity in the activities of life as well as spontaneous flow of life has been depicted by the merry children spilling out of their homes.

8. The poet was very upset about the growing age of her mother.she felt uncomfortable to leave her mother alone as she understood that her mother's death had come closer.she didn't want to get seperated from her mother.She hide her feelings by giving an optimistic message to her mother. She told that nothing to worry about she will back soon.and she smiled smiled and smiled.

9. The emotional pain and ache that the poet feels is due to the realization that her mother has gone old and has become frail and pale like a corpse. She is dependent on her children. The ache also refers to the old familiar ache of the childhood that revisits the poet due to the mother's old age and her approaching end.

10. The poet’s mother has been compared to the late winter’s moon to bring out the similarity of ageing and decay. The late winter moon looks hazy and obscure. It lacks shine and strength. The poet’s mother has an ‘ashen’ face resembling a corpse. She has lost her shine and strength of youth. The comparison reinforces the impact.

At the airport the poet, Kamala Das, feels fearful of leaving her pale, ageing mother alone and unattended. She has an ache and fear inside her heart and is not sure if she will be able to see her mother again. She hides her feelings of anxiety by giving a long and cheerful smile to her mother as she bids her adieu.

Poet thought about the old age after noticing the ageing of her mother and to divert her mind from there she looked out of the window and on seeing the sprinting trees and young boys running, she thought about youth.
Both her thoughts are complete contrast to each other.

On reaching the Cochin Airport, the poetess moves through the security check while her mother remains standing a few yards away. Before departing, she looks at her mother again. She looks like the late winter’s moon. This represents the process of decaying and the old age. She notice of the paleness on her face, comparing it to late winter's moon. She felt the old familiar ache of childhood which children experience on being separated from their parent/mother.

The poetess was going to the Cochin Airport with her mother. While driving she saw her mother in a dozing condition like the other old people. Her mouth was open and her face looked pale, colourless and faded like the ash. This represents the ageing process of her mother. She was like a withered moon of the late winter.

The young trees are personified in the poem. They seem to be running in the opposite direction when seen through the window of the moving car. The movement is juxtaposed with the expression on the mother’s face i.e. ashen like a corpse. The movement of the children and the trees is in stark contrast with the stillness associated with the mother.

After the airport’s security check, watching her mother standing a few yards away, she spoke, “See you soon “Amma.” These words signify some sort of hope. It shows some promise as well as expectation that she would see her mother again. She might find her alive. So she scatters a smile on her face to pay her mother her lasting tribute. On the other hand she is troubled at heart to leave her mother alone.

The late winter’s moon is calm and hazy with a dim lustre. It loses its vitality and power. So the poetess compares her mother’s calm, colourless and withered face like the late winter’s moon. She has become weak, wan and ‘pale due to her age of sixty-six. She has lost her vitality.

The poet started looking out of the window because she wanted to drive away the pain and agony she was experiencing by looking at her aged mother. She looked outside at the world which was full of life and activity. She saw young trees running past her and merry children sprinting out of their homes to play.

The merry children symbolise the spring of life, its energy, vigour and happiness. Their image presents a sharp contrast to the poet’s limp and ageing mother. This image is also imperative for the understanding of the process of old age which is associated with decay. The spontaneous outpouring of life symbolised by these children is in contrast to the poet’s mother’s passive and inactive life.

Kamala Das’s mother was an old lady of sixty six. Her childhood fear returned on seeing her pale and corpse-like face she feared lest her mother should die before her return. She also got troubled on thinking that she would also face such processes of life.

That feeling had resurfaced when Kamala found herself setting off on another journey and being unsure of seeing her ageing mother alive the next time when she visits her.