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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 3 months ago
Aldol condensation occurs in aldehydes having α-hydrogen with a dilute base to give β-hydroxy aldehydes called aldols. This reaction is most commonly known as aldol condensation. If the condensation reaction occurs between two different carbonyl compounds it is called crossed aldol condensation.
Aldol Condensation can be defined as an organic reaction in which enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form β-hydroxy ketone or β-hydroxy aldehyde, followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. Aldol Condensation plays a vital role in organic synthesis, creating a path to form carbon-carbon bonds.
The general reaction of aldol condensation is
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 3 months ago
The Allotropes are different forms of an element having different physical properties but the same chemical properties.For example ,the Allotropes of Carbon-that is Graphite and Diamond are allotropes of Carbon.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 3 months ago
Adsorption is surface phenomenon therefore adsorption is directly proportional to the surface area.
Finely divided substance has greater surface area. Greater is the surface area of the adsorbent, greater would be its absorbent power. That is why a finely divided surface is more effective as an absorbent.
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Gauze catalyst is the large sheets of metal gauze prepared by using the metal Platinum and Rhodium. It is used in manufacturing of Nitric acid from Ammonia at industrial scale.This is an example of heterogeneous catalysis.The process involves oxidation of the ammonia from the Haber Process by oxygen in the air in the presence of a platinum-rhodium gauze sheet. Large sheets of metal gauze are used in order to reduce expense and to maximize the surface area of the catalyst. The sheets of gauze are held at a temperature of about 900°C. The reaction is very exothermic, and once it starts the temperature is maintained by the heat evolved.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 3 months ago
The molecular orbital of O2 molecule places all the electrons ( 8 and 8, In the figure the lowest 1S bonding and 1S antibonding accommodating 4 electrons are omitted ) , the arrangement of rest 12 electrons are shown) ) filled in such a way that from energy point of view all the electrons to be filled with lower energy orbital first . In this way we get fill up of electrons like : You can see that highest two electrons are in degenerate ( same energy ) two orbitals each have same energy and not paired so oxygen is paramagnetic with two unparied electrons.
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Harsh Mishra 6 years, 3 months ago
Is there any other catalyst too..... I mean I haven't heard a reaction of Alkyne with just sodium But this may be useful too You.....
When Sodium is dissolved in liquid ammonia (boiling point –33 °C), it produces a beautiful deep blue color. When alkynes are present, they will be reduced to the trans (i.e. E) alkene. This makes Na/NH3 a useful companion to the Lindlar reduction of alkynes, which gives cis-alkenes......
Copied from somewhere :)
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