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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 8 months ago
Aloe vera is a stemless or very short-stemmed plant growing to 60–100 cm (24–39 in) tall, spreading by offsets. The leaves are thick and fleshy, green to grey-green, with some varieties showing white flecks on their upper and lower stem surfaces. The margin of the leaf is serrated and has small white teeth.
It also covers some of the risks associated with use.
- It contains healthful plant compounds. ...
- It has antioxidant and antibacterial properties. ...
- It accelerates wound healing. ...
- It reduces dental plaque. ...
- It helps treat canker sores. ...
- It reduces constipation. ...
- It may improve skin and prevent wrinkles. ...
- It lowers blood sugar levels.
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Muskaan Vig 6 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
Homologous organs are defined as the organs which have same structure but different functions. Raddish and carrot are a pair of homologous organs as they are modified roots.
Analogous organs are defined as the organs which have same functions but different structure. Potato and sweet potato are the analogous organs because they both are grown underground and stores food but potato is a stem whereas sweet potato is a modified root grown underground.
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Linkage helps to keep certain genes together in the same chromosome whereas, process of recombination mix genes between chromosomes. Linkage is a phenomenon that can be seen in any type of cell. However, recombination is a process that occurs during meiosis I. The conclusions drawn by T.H. Morgan from the crossing experiment in Drosophila with respect to linkage were-
1) The gene responsible for eye colour is located on X chromosome.
2) The alleles responsible for eye colour are present on X chromosome.
3) There are two X chromosomes in females. Both X chromosomes carry an allele of the trait.
4) Females can be homozygous or heterozygous for the alleles.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
According to sliding filament theory, the contraction of muscle fibres occurs when the thin filaments slide over the thick filaments.
Depolarisation of Sarcolemma:
- A signal sent by the central nervous system via motor neuron reaches the neuromuscular junction or motor end plate which causes the release of acetylcholine.
- Release of acetylcholine sets the action potential in the sarcolemma.
Release of Calcium Ions:
- Sarcolemma transmits its action potential to sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions in the sarcoplasm.
Conformational Changes in Actin Filaments:
- Released calcium ions binds to troponin and tropomyosin on active filaments.
- This changes the three dimensional shape of the actin-troponin-tropomyosin complex and the active site for myosin present on the actin filament is exposed.
Activation of Myosin Heads:
- Due to the release of calcium ions, myosin head also get activated and they release energy from ATP.
- Release of energy by the hydrolysis of ATP results in binding of myosin heads to the active sites present on the actin filaments; forming a cross-bridge.
Sliding of Actin Filaments over Myosin:
- As soon as the cross-bridge is formed, the myosin head rotates to pull the actin filament towards the centre of A-band i.e. H-zone.
- The pulling of actin filaments from opposite ends results in the contraction of sarcomere due to which the I-band shortens and A-band retains its length.
Repolarisation of Sarcolemma (Relaxation of Muscle):
- When sarcolemma again retains the resting potential, calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum due to which troponin and tropomyosin become free and they mask the active site for myosin present on the actin filament. This results in breaking of the cross-bridge.
- As soon as the cross-bridge is broken, the actin filaments return to their original position.
- Sarcomeres relax, I-band retain their normal length.
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Yashwardhan Patel 6 years, 1 month ago
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