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Ask QuestionPosted by Ca Crafted World 6 years, 6 months ago
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Posted by Ca Crafted World 6 years, 6 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 8 months ago
During initiation, the mRNA, the tRNA, and the first amino acid all come together within the ribosome. The mRNA strand remains continuous, but the true initiation point is the start codon, AUG. Remember that the start codon is the set of three nucleotides that begins the coded sequence of a gene. Remember also that the start codon specifies the amino acid methionine. So, methionine is the name of the amino acid that is brought into the ribosome first.
And, how did methionine get itself to the ribosome? By attaching to the tRNA that contains the right anticodon. The anticodon for AUG is UAC.
Posted by Divya Singh 6 years, 6 months ago
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Arpita Tiwari 6 years, 6 months ago
Posted by Dilraj Kaur 6 years, 6 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 6 months ago
Lac operon
- Lac refers to lactose in lac operon.
- The lac operon consists of one regulatory gene the i gene which codes for the repressor of the lac operon and three structural genes (z, y, and a).
- The z gene codes for beta-galactosidase (β-gal), which hydrolyses disaccharide, lactose into galactose and glucose.
- The y gene codes for permease, which increases permeability of the cell to β-galactosides.
- The a gene encodes a transacetylase.
- Lactose is termed as inducer as lactose is the substrate for the enzyme beta-galactosidase and it regulates switching on and off of the operon.
Posted by Garv Kachhwah 6 years, 6 months ago
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Arpita Tiwari 6 years, 6 months ago
Aadi Ahluwalia 6 years, 6 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 6 months ago
Linkage
Morgan noted that while crossing a set of characters, two genes did not follow Mendel’s law as they did not divide as per the law. The likelihood of achieving a parental combination if two genes are situated on the same chromosome was relatively higher in the subsequent generation in comparison to the non-parental combination. The physical connection of genes was referred to as linkage.
Genes are said to be linked when genes for different traits are located in similar chromosome and hence are tied to each other. It is a deviation from the Mendelian principle of independent assortment that is appropriate to be applied to the genes that are situated on different chromosomes.
The term genetic recombination described the non-parental gene combinations in a dihybrid cross.
Genetic Recombination
When genetic material is exchanged between two different chromosomes or between different regions of the same chromosome, it is known as genetic recombination. It is observed in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. It increases the genetic diversity of the sexually reproducing organisms.
Nishu Goyal 6 years, 6 months ago
Posted by Priyankamit Srivastava 6 years, 6 months ago
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Posted by Ca Crafted World 6 years, 6 months ago
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Posted by Mansi Mahida 6 years, 6 months ago
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Arpita Tiwari 6 years, 6 months ago
Yogita Ingle 6 years, 6 months ago
a. (1) Characters are controlled by discrete unit called factors.
(2). Factors occur in pair.
(3) In a dissimilar pair of factors one member of the pair dominates/only one of the parental character is expressed in a monohybrid cross in the F1 and both are expressed in the F2.
b.Due to non-functional enzyme / less efficient enzyme / non-enzyme at all.
Posted by Domendra Sirdar 6 years, 6 months ago
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Vishal Soni 6 years, 6 months ago
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Clones are simply identical genetic copies. Many organisms reproduce through cloning as a matter of course, through a process called asexual reproduction. Bacteria, yeast, and single-celled protozoa multiply by making copies of their DNA and dividing in two.
The same, but different. The great misunderstanding with clones is to assume that they are genetically identical to the organisms being cloned, and will therefore be phenotypically identical to them. These differences can originate significant differences in the operation of the clone's genes with respect to the donor.
Posted by Prabhat Kerketta 6 years, 6 months ago
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Sia ? 6 years, 6 months ago
DNA replication is semiconservative. Each strand in the double helix acts as a template for synthesis of a new, complementary strand. New DNA is made by enzymes called DNA polymerases, which require a template and a primer (starter) and synthesize DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.
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Posted by Prabhjot Prabhjot 6 years, 6 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 6 months ago
- Initiation-
- For initiation, the ribosome binds to the mRNA at the start codon (AUG) that is recognised only by the initiator tRNA.
- Elongation-
- The ribosome proceeds to the elongation phase of protein synthesis.
- During elongation stage, complexes composed of an amino acid linked to tRNA, sequentially bind to the appropriate codon in mRNA by forming complementary base pairs with the tRNA anticodon.
- The ribosome moves from codon to codon along the mRNA.
- Amino acids are added one by one, translated into Polypeptide sequences dictated by DNA and represented by mRNA.
- Termination-
- At the end, a release factor binds to the stop codon, terminating translation and releasing the complete polypeptide from the ribosome.
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Avneet Kaur 6 years, 6 months ago
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