Political theory is the study of political ideas and values like justice, power and democracy that we use to describe, understand and assess political practices and institutions.

Political Theory basically consists of

1. Conceptual framework- concepts like Rights, Democracy, Equality, Liberty, Justice, Power, Authority, State, etc.

2. Theories & Ideologies- Covering all the topics of point ,It includes various ideologies like Marxism, Liberalism, Socialism, Libertarianism, Fascism, Feminism, Gandhism, etc.

3. Thinkers & Thoughts- work of prominent thinkers (Plato, Aristotle, Marx, etc.) who have developed various theories & concepts.

The Rajya Sabha performs several functions and these are largely as important as functions of the Lok Sabha. However, in financial matters, the Rajya Sabha plays a distinctly secondary role.
(i) Legislative Powers:

All non-Money Bills can be introduced in either House of the Parliament and such a bill, to be an Act, must be passed by both Houses of the Parliament. Thus any non-Money Bill can originate in the Rajya Sabha, and if a non-Money Bill been initiated and approved by the Lok Sabha, it has to be approved by the Rajya Sa before it becomes an Act. Similarly, a non-Money Bill, originating in and approved by Rajya Sabha, has to be passed by the Lok Sabha before it becomes a law.
(ii) Financial Powers:

A Money Bill cannot be introduced in the Rajya Sabha. It is the prerogative of the Lok Sabha to initiate it. After its approval by the Lok Sabha, it sent to the Rajya Sabha for its 'recommendation'. The Upper House cannot change it in form, though it may suggest some changes which may or may not be accepted by the Lok Sabha.
(iii) Control over Executive:

Though the Rajya Sabha is not an equal of the Lok Sabha in controlling the Executive, its powers, in this respect, are not insignificant. True the Council of Ministers is responsible only to the Lok Sabha, but the Ministers are not totally free from control by the Rajya Sabha.
iv) Judicial Power:

In the impeachment of the President of India, the Rajya Sabha has co-equal powers with the Lok Sabha. This power of impeachment is shared by both Houses.The power to remove the Vice-President of India is shared by the Upper House and the Lower House.
(vi) Electoral Power:

The Rajya Sabha takes part in the election of the President as well as of the Vice-President of India. The Vice-Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is also elected by its members.
 

Direct democracy (also known as pure democracy) is a form of democracy in which people decide (e.g. vote on, form consensus on) policy initiatives directly.