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There are many variations in electoral systems, but the most common systems are first-past-the-post voting, the two-round (runoff) system, proportional representation and ranked voting. Some electoral systems, such as mixed systems, attempt to combine the benefits of non-proportional and proportional systems.
| BASIS FOR COMPARISON | FIRST PAST THE POST | PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION |
| Meaning | First Past the Post is a voting system, wherein people cast their votes to the candidate of their choice and the one getting the highest number of votes win. | Proportional Representation is an electoral device in which seats are allotted to the political parties on the basis of the number of votes polled for them. |
| Constituency | Entire country is segregated into various geographical units, i.e. constituencies. | Large geographical areas are termed as constituencies. |
| Representative | One representative is elected from each constituency. | One or more representative can be elected from one constituency. |
| Voting | Votes are casted for candidate. | Votes are casted for the party. |
| Seats | Votes may or may not be equal to the seats got. | A party gets seats, as per the proportion of votes, it gets. |
| Majority | Winning candidate may not gets the majority votes. | Winning candidate gets the majority votes. |
| Accountability | Exists | Does not exist |
| Clashing of Ideas | Does not prevail | May Prevail |
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