1)CALENDAR 2)MATHEMATICAL KNOWLEDGE 3)HEIROLOGRAPHIC SCRIPT. 4)ARCHITECTURAL ACHIEVEMENTS

Shoguns are belong from the Tokugawa family they rule in the meji restoration

Higher order thinking skills

1orders-The clergy, 2 orders- the nobility, 3orders- the peasants, free and unfree

Abbasid revolution refers to dawa movement .This movement was initiated by abu muslim from Khurasan against the Umayyad dynasty. The Abbasid revolution put an end to the umayyadies the abbasid dynasty came into throne in 750 CE .

Ali was the fourth calipha. He fought two wars against those who were representing the aristocracy of the mecca.

Founder of islam

• Workers in the Roman Empire were known as the slavery.
• The slaves performed both manual labor and domestic services. They were also employed at highly skilled jobs and professions but were always stated as slaves. Even, accountants and physicians were often slaves.
• Slavery in the Roman empire was considered one of the most torturing slavery in the history.

1. Canals were initially built to transport coal to cities. This was because the bulk and weight of coal made its transport by road much slower and more expensive than by barges on canals. The demand for coal, as industrial energy and for heating and lighting homes in cities, grew constantly.
The making of the first English canal, the Worsley Canal (1761) by James Brindley (1716-72), had no other purpose than to carry him from the coal deposits at Worsley (near Manchester) to that city; after the canal was completed the price of coal fell by half.
2. Canals were usually built by big landowners to increase the value of the mines, quarries or forests on their lands. The confluence of canals created marketing centres in new towns. The city of Birmingham, for example, owed its growth to its position at the heart of a canal system connecting London, the Bristol Channel, and the Mersey and Humber rivers.
From 1760 to 1790, twenty-five new canal building projects were begun. In the period known as the "canal-mania" from 1788 to 1796, there were smother 46 new projects and over the next 60 years more than 4,000 miles of canal were built.
3. The first steam locomotive, Stephenson's Rocket, appeared in 1814. Railways emerged as a new means of transportation that was available throughout the year, both cheap and fast, to carry passengers and goods. They combined two inventions, the iron track which replaced the wooden track in the 1760s) and haulage along it by a steam-engine.
4. The invention of the railways took the entire process of industrialisation to a second stage. In 1801, Richard Trevithick (1771-1833) had devised an engine called the "Puffing Devil" that pulled trucks around the mine where he worked in Cornwall. In 1814, the railway engineer George Stephenson (1781-1848) constructed a locomotive, called "The Blutcher", that could pull a weight of 30 tons up a hill at 4 mph.
The first railway line connected the cities of Stockton and Darlington in 1825, a distance of 9 miles that was completed in two hours at speed of upto 24 kph (15 mph), and the next railway line connected Liverpool and Manchester in 1830. Within 20 years speed of 30 to 50 miles an hour were usual.

Sufis came to India with the Turkish rulers. Here they started a liberal movement within Islam. Sufism preaches tolerance, brotherhood and oneness of God. With respect to devoution to God, Sufis believed in fundamental unity of all religions. Sufism believes that one can reach God through personal devoution and not by following meaningless rituals. In sufism, inner purity and self-discipline are esstential to gain the knowledge of God. Human soul is the manifestation of the supreme God and a devouted soul would finally merge with the supreme God. Sufism believed that all people are equal irrespective of their caste, class, creed and religion.

Human evolution, the process by which human beings developed on Earth from now-extinct primates. Viewed zoologically, we humans are Homo sapiens, a culture-bearing upright-walking species that lives on the ground and very likely first evolved in Africa about 315,000 years ago. We are now the only living members of what many zoologists refer to as the human tribe, Hominini, but there is abundant fossil evidence to indicate that we were preceded for millions of years by other hominins, such as Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and other species of Homo, and that our species also lived for a time contemporaneously with at least one other member of our genus, H. neanderthalensis (the Neanderthals). In addition, we and our predecessors have always shared Earth with other apelike primates, from the modern-day gorilla to the long-extinct Dryopithecus. That we and the extinct hominins are somehow related and that we and the apes, both living and extinct, are also somehow related is accepted by anthropologists and biologists everywhere. Yet the exact nature of our evolutionary relationships has been the subject of debate and investigation since the great British naturalist Charles Darwin published his monumental books On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871). Darwin never claimed, as some of his Victorian contemporaries insisted he had, that “man was descended from the apes,” and modern scientists would view such a statement as a useless simplification—just as they would dismiss any popular notions that a certain extinct species is the “missing link” between humans and the apes. There is theoretically, however, a common ancestor that existed millions of years ago. This ancestral species does not constitute a “missing link” along a lineage but rather a node for divergence into separate lineages. This ancient primate has not been identified and may never be known with certainty, because fossil relationships are unclear even within the human lineage, which is more recent. In fact, the human “family tree” may be better described as a “family bush,” within which it is impossible to connect a full chronological series of species, leading to Homo sapiens, that experts can agree upon.

Yes because it makes easier to early mans,they talk each other with humming and painting

Mainly three orders were -1. the clergy,which includes cristian priests, bishops.2.the nobility in which plays a central role in social processes, they controlled land.3.the peasants, there are two type of peasants free and unfree. The knight was distinct group,who provide military servics to the lord, the knight can serve more than one Lord and the knight paid his Lord a regular fee and promise him to fight for him in war.

Gladiators are fighters if ancient days...they were brave and powerful fighters..

Fire and stone toola

Literacy was were less in roman empire

Casual literacy