Assyria also called the Assyrian Empire, was a Mesopotamian kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East and the Levant

Assyria, kingdom of northern Mesopotamia became the centre of one of the great empires of the ancient Middle East. It was located in what is now northern Iraq and southeastern Turkey.

The Arawak are a group of indigenous peoples of South America and of the Caribbean. Specifically, the term "Arawak" has been applied at various times to the Lokono of South America and the Taíno.

The Cuneiform is script of  Mesopotamia .The tablets were used first which were known as proto-cuneiform, were pictorial.They represented  the subjects which were more concrete and visible like a king, a battle, a flood etc. With time it developed in complexity as the subject matter became more intangible taken into the  consideration will of the gods, the quest for immortality. With time the representations were more simplified and the strokes of the stylus conveyed word-concepts (honour) rather than word-signs (an honourable man). The written format  refined through the rebus which isolated the phonetic value of a certain sign so as to express grammatical relationships and syntax to determine meaning.

Economic expansion of Roman empire
1. The Empire had a substantial economic infrastructure of harbours, mines, quarries, brick yards, olive oil factories etc. Wheat, rice, olive oil were traded and consumed in huge quantities. They came mainly from Spain, Gallic province, North Africa, Egypt, Italy where conditions were best for these crops.
2.  Liquids like wine, and olive oil were transported in containers called ‘amphorae’. The fragments and sherds of a large number of these survive and it has been possible for the archaeologists to reconstruct the precise shape of these containers.
3.  Spanish producers succeeded in capturing the market for olive oil from the Italian counterparts. This would only have happened if Spanish producers supplied better quality oil at lower prices.
4.  On the other hand, large Roman territories were in a much less advanced state. The pastoral and semi nomadic communities were often in the move carrying their oven shaped huts with them.
5.  As Roman estate expanded in North Africa, the pastures of those communities were drastically reduced and their movements were strictly regulated.
6.  Diversified applications of water power around the Mediterranean as well as the advances in water powered milling technology, the use of hydraulic mining techniques  in the Spanish gold and silver mines and the gigantic industrial scale on which those mines were worked.
7.  The existence of well organised commercial and banking networks and widespread use of money are indicators of Roman economy

Prophet Muhammad, along with his followers, was forced to migrate Mecca in 622. Muhammad’s journey from Mecca (hijra) was a turning point in the history of Islam, with the year of his arrival in Medina marking the beginning of the Muslim calendar.

Mesopotamia was an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau, corresponding to today's Iraq, mostly, but also parts of modern-day Iran, Syria and Turkey.

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