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Gaurav Seth 4 years ago
oxygen has outer electronic configuration2s2 2p4
removal of ine electron from the 2p subshell will make its configuration
2s22p3
thus it attains a half filled configuration
thus lesser energy is required to remove an elecron from oxygen
whereas in nitrogen
the electronic configuration is
2s2 2p3
it has a stable half filled configuration
and thus more energy is required to remove an electron from nitrogen
in case of flourine
the electronic configuration is
2s2 2p5
it has to gain one more electron to attain noble gas configuration and become stable
thus more energy is required to remove an electron from flourine
thus ionisation enthalpy of oxygen is lesser than nitrogen or flourine
Posted by Varsha Baboria 4 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 4 years ago
| Parameter | Compound | Mixture |
| Meaning | A compound is a pure form comprising of two or more elements in a chemical combination | A mixture is an impure substance involving two or more substances that are physically mixed. |
| Composition | The presence of elements in compounds is in a definite quantity | The presence of substances in mixtures is not in a definite quantity |
| Formula | A compound certainly has a specific formula on the basis of its constituents | Mixtures are devoid of a chemical formula |
| Properties | The properties of a specific type of compound are definite and there is no variation in them | The properties of a mixture tend to vary due to their dependence on the type of substances present |
| Substances | The formation of new substances always results in a compound because of the mixing of properties of the various elements | Formation of new substances does not take place from the mixtures because the properties of its constituents are not changeable |
| Separation | The elements of a compound are not easy to separate by physical methods | The substances of a mixture are certainly easier to separate by various physical methods like chromatography, evaporation, filtration, etc |
| Change of heat | There is a change of heat during the formation of a particular compound | There is no heat change in mixtures when their formation takes place |
| Melting or Boiling point | Compounds have an unchangeable definite melting or boiling point | Mixtures lack a definite melting or boiling point |
| Examples of Compound and Mixture | Methane, salt, baking soda, etc | Brass, chromium, bismuth, etc |
Posted by Vishal Yadav 4 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 4 years ago
Isomerism is the phenomenon in which more than one compounds have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures. Chemical compounds that have identical chemical formulae but differ in properties and the arrangement of atoms in the molecule are called isomers. Therefore, the compounds that exhibit isomerism are known as isomers.
The word “isomer” is derived from the Greek words “isos” and “meros”, which mean “equal parts”. This term was coined by the Swedish chemist Jacob Berzelius in the year 1830.
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Gaurav Seth 4 years ago
The position of d-block elements is in between the s-block and p-block elements in the periodic table. These d-block elements are called transition elements because they exhibit transitional behaviour between s-block and p-block elements. Their properties are transitional between highly reactive metallic elements of s-block which are typically ionic compounds and the elements of p-block which are largely covalent.
Posted by Aadya Singh 4 years ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years ago
The Electronic configuration of Cr and Cu are given below ⇒
1. Cr = 24 = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 4p⁶ 4s¹ 3d⁵
2. Cu = 29 = 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 4p⁶ 4s¹ 3d¹⁰
These electronic configuration are exceptional because electrons entered in 3-d orbitals without filling the 4s orbitals complete.
Reason for the Exceptions ⇒ It is said that d orbitals can be stable if it is half filled or full filled.
Thus, In the given case, electrons reaches near the half filled and full filled thus due to the attraction one electrons from the s orbitals came in d orbitals.
Posted by Pk ⚔️ 4 years ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years ago
It is defined as the fraction (or percentage) of the total salt which is hydrolysed at equilibrium. For example, if 90% of a salt solution is hydrolysed, its degree of hydrolysis is 0.90 or as 90%. It is generally represented by ‘
’.
Salts of strong acids and strong bases do not undergo hydrolysis (they undergo only ionization) hence the resulting aqueous solution is neutral.
Posted by Azra Parveen Parveen 4 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 4 years ago
Electron gain enthalpy of an element is the energy released when a neutral isolated gaseous atom accepts an extra electron to form the gaseous negative Ion i.e. anion. We can denote it by Δ egH. Greater the amount of energy released in the above process, higher is the electron gain enthalpy of the element.
- Energy is released when an electron is added to the atom. Therefore, the electron gain enthalpy is negative.
- The electron gain enthalpy for halogens is highly negative because they can acquire the nearest stable noble gas configuration by accepting an extra electron.
- Noble gases have large positive electron gain enthalpy. This is because the extra electron is placed in the next higher principal quantum energy levels. Thus, a highly unstable electronic configuration is produced.
Posted by Aarti Padhiyar 4 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 4 years ago
The force of attraction existing between hydrogen atom which is attached to highly electronegative atom in a covalent molecule and more electronegative atom of another covalent molecule is called hydrogen bonding.
Hydrogen bond is possible mostly in polar covalent molecules where partial charge separation is there.
As this bond existed between partial charges, it is considered to be weak bond than ionic and covalent bonds.
Ex: Hydrogen bond present in HF molecule.
Posted by Aadya Singh 4 years ago
- 3 answers
Dεερακ Ȿιηɠꜧ 4 years ago
1s<2s<2p<3s<3p<4s<3d<4p<5s<4d
Consept:
Find n+l,
if two (n+l) become same then choose the orbital whose 'n' is lowest to find the lower energy orbital,
That's all ....
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In 1878 William Crooks carried out discharge tube experiments and discovered new radiations and called them cathode rays. Since these rays travel from the cathode towards anode. Later, J.J Thomson studied the characteristics of cathode rays and concluded that cathode rays are negatively charged particles, now called electrons. The name electron was given by Johnson Stoney.
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