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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 2 months ago
Inductive effect - This is effect of electronegativity, transmitted through intermediate sigma bonds. For example, chloroacetic acid is stronger than acetic acid, because the electron pulling effect of Cl stabilises the accumulation of negative charge on the anion.
Electromeric effect can be defined as the transfer of electrons from a double bond or an atom with a lone pair of electrons to an adjacent single bond.When the inductive effect and the electromeric effect operate in the same molecule, electromeric effect dominates the inductive effect.
Inductive effect produced due to the pulling of electron towards different atoms.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 2 months ago
The similarity between Li and Mg is because of their similar atomic radii (Li = 152 pm; Mg = 160 pm) and ionic radii. (Li+ = 76 pm, Mg2+ = 72 pm).
These two elements resemble each other in the following properties:
(i) Both Li and Mg decompose water very slowly with the liberation of hydrogen.
(ii) Both Li and Mg form nitrides - Li directly and Mg on burning in nitrogen.
(iii) LiOH and Mg(OH)2 are weak bases.
(iv) Nitrates of both decompose on heating to give oxides.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 2 months ago
Water is a polar solvent and has hydrogen bonding , so for any other compund to dissolve in water , it must posses Polarity or H-Bond. Ethyl alcohol shows presence of hydrogen bonding as well as it is polar due to high EN of oxygen , due to this it is soluble in water.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 2 months ago
Bohr Model of Hydrogen
The simplest example of the Bohr Model is for the hydrogen atom (Z = 1) or for a hydrogen-like ion (Z > 1), in which a negatively-charged electron orbits a small positively-charged nucleus. Electromagnetic energy will be absorbed or emitted if an electron moves from one orbit to another. Only certain electron orbits are permitted. The radius of the possible orbits increases as n2, where n is the principal quantum number. The 3 → 2 transition produces the first line of the Balmer series. For hydrogen (Z = 1) this produces a photon having wavelength 656 nm (red light).
Problems with the Bohr Model
It violates the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle because it considers electrons to have both a known radius and orbit.
The Bohr Model provides an incorrect value for the ground state orbital angular momentum.
It makes poor predictions regarding the spectra of larger atoms.
It does not predict the relative intensities of spectral lines.
The Bohr Model does not explain fine structure and hyperfine structure in spectral lines.
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Vishesh Phutela 7 years, 2 months ago
2Thank You