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  • 2 answers

Avantika Tayal 6 years, 10 months ago

It is the thining of ozone layer due to excessive use of chemicals especially yhose which are ligjter than air

Barinderjit Singh 6 years, 10 months ago

Hole in ozone layer due to cfcs and other pollutants is called ozone hole
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Gaurav Seth 6 years, 10 months ago

Molecular orbital diagram of N2 


BO =[Nb-Na] =[10-4] = 3
Since all the electrons in nitrogen are paired, it is diamagnetic molecule.

 

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Palak Bhinder 6 years, 10 months ago

Number of mole of methane =3.2/16=0.2 Number of mole of carbon dioxide =4.4/44=0.1 Total number of moles =0.2+0.1=0.3 Temperature =273+27=300k Acc. To ideal gas equation Pv=nrt P(9)=(0.3)(0.0821)(300) P=(0.3)(0.0821)(300)/9 =0.821atmosphere P=0.821atp
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Mithun Kumar 6 years, 10 months ago

There are basically three different types of molecular speed that is: root mean speed, average speed,most probable speed.
  • 1 answers

Sanidhya Jadaun? 6 years, 10 months ago

Bhai Ncert page no.116 to 118
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Singh Rajput 6 years, 10 months ago

Delta G= _2.303 RT log K
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Sugam Sharma 6 years, 10 months ago

Final way to check that reaction is spontaneous or not

Muskan Sekho 6 years, 10 months ago

Full definition

Naveen Kumar Sharma 6 years, 10 months ago

Change in energy
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  • 2 answers

Yogita Ingle 6 years, 10 months ago

A compound may have excess metal ion. When negative ion is absent from its lattice side  and compound have excess metal ion and leaving a hole which occupied by electron to maintain electrical neutrality , the ionic sites are called F center .Colour in these crystals are impart by unpaired electrons.
These types of defects are found in crystals which have electric neutrality and Schoottky defects .The hole occupied by electron is called F–center. This F center is responsible for most of the interstitial properties of compound  .
For example We observe this effect when Crystals of NaCl  heated in an atmosphere of sodium vapour.

Yogita Ingle 6 years, 10 months ago

An F-Center or Farbe (German for colour) center is a type of crystallographic defect in which an anionic vacancy in a crystal is filled by one or more electrons, depending on the charge of the missing ion in the crystal or mainly due to the reason that when a compound is heated to a high temperature (mainly metallic oxides) the ions get excited and get displaced from their respective positions in their crystal structure but while doing so these ions leave behind some electrons in the vacated spaces. This leads to the phenomenon of colouring of compounds. This is used to identify many compounds, especially zinc oxide (yellow). Electrons in such a vacancy tend to absorb light in the visible spectrum such that a material that is usually transparent becomes colored. Thus the origin of the name, F-center, which originates from the German Farbzentrum. The translation of this term also provides the synonym color center, which can also refer to such defects. F-centers are often paramagnetic and can then be studied by electron paramagnetic resonance techniques. The greater the number of F-centers, the more intense is the color of the compound. A way of producing F centers is to heat a crystal in the presence of an atmosphere of the metal that constitutes the material, e.g.: NaCl heated in a metallic Na atmosphere.

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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 10 months ago

Schottky Defect: It is basically a vacancy defect in ionic solids. In order to maintain electrical neutrality, the number of missing cations and anions are equal. Like simple vacancy defect, Schottky defect also decreases the density of the substance. Number of such defects in ionic solids is quite significant.
For example, in NaCl there are approximately 106 Schottky pairs per cm3 at room temperature. In 1 cm3 there are about 1022 ions. Thus, there is one Schottky defect per 1016 ions. Schottky defect is shown by ionic substances in which the cation and anion are of almost similar sizes. For example, NaCl, KCl, CsCl and AgBr. It may be noted that AgBr shows both, Frenkel as well as Schottky defects.<

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Prakhar J 6 years, 10 months ago

The reluctance of s electron pair in take part in chemical bonding

Yogita Ingle 6 years, 10 months ago

In the elements of 4th, 5th and 6th period of the p-block the electrons present in the intervening d and f-orbitals do not shield the r-electrons of the valence shell effectively.
As a result, {ns}2 -electrons remain more tightly held by the nucleus and hence, do not participate in bonding. This is called inert pair effect.

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Avantika Tayal 6 years, 10 months ago

Kp=kc ×RT
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 10 months ago

Surface tension and viscosity both are due to intermolecular forces. As the temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecule increases this leads to the decrease in intermolecular forces and therefore decrease in surface tension and viscosity. So we can say that temperature inversely affect the surface tension and viscosity.

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Harshita Verma 6 years, 10 months ago

Basically, in the case of sodium and potassium the increase in shell size outweighs the pull of the core on the outer shell electron and so potassium is less dense than sodium. When we more from Na to K, effect of increase in volume is more pronounced as compared to effect of increase in atomic mass.

Shreya Dixit 6 years, 10 months ago

Because K has less density than Na
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Sia ? 4 years, 6 months ago

Baking soda contains one ingredient, sodium bicarbonate. However, Baking powder contains sodium bicarbonate, monocalcium phosphate and either sodium acid pyrophosphate or sodium aluminum sulfate.

  • 2 answers
It applies to all the periods or only second period ??

Sanidhya Jadaun? 6 years, 10 months ago

The diagonal relationship is due to the similarity in ionic sizes and / or charge/radius ratio of the elements.eg.lithium shows similarity to magnesium and berilliyum to aluminium in many of their properties.
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Sugam Sharma 6 years, 10 months ago

Polymerisation
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Sheeja Menon 6 years, 10 months ago

First of all it could be applied only in single electron system . Secondly, it could not explain the formation of molecules . Thirdly, it could not explain the finer details of spectra, ie, splitting of spectral lines in the presence of an external electric or magnetic field.

Sugam Sharma 6 years, 10 months ago

Very important drawback:- - Bohr model of an atom was based on particle nature of electron but we know that electron is wave Theoretically it was said by de-broglies and practically proved by Davison and Germer
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Advait Gaur 6 years, 10 months ago

It is simply a postulate given by dalton in which when two non inert pair of gases interact the new compound formed acquire an net external pressure slightly more than its own pressures. So Dalton simpler this concern by introducing partial law of pressures In which the net pressure is equalize to the partial pressure of individual gases(only gas). P = p1+p2+p3+.........+ pn This is significant for understanding thermodynamics later..... In brief order Hopefully this will help's you. ?
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Sheeja Menon 6 years, 10 months ago

All atoms and molecules exhibit a characteristic spectra.. The spectra of atoms can be recorded in two ways.. 1. Absorption spectra and 2. Emission spectra......... Absorption spectra gives an idea of the electromagnetic radiations which are absorbed by the atom. These absorbed wavelength come as dark line in electromagnetic spectrum.. The spectrum of radiation emmited by the substance that as absorbed energy Is called emission spectrum
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Sanidhya Jadaun? 6 years, 10 months ago

These are the thermodynamic function which depend only on the state of the system and not on how it reached .eg.like Internal energy,Enthalpy are state function
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Avantika Tayal 6 years, 10 months ago

A series of steps which describes the whole rxn change briefly...
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Avantika Tayal 6 years, 10 months ago

Both HNO3 and PbO2 are strong oxifing agent as in PbO2 lead os in its +4 oxiding state and want to become stable with +2 oxidation state
  • 1 answers

Pragati Gola 6 years, 10 months ago

Oxidation at anode & reduction at cathode

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