A debenture is a medium to long-term debt format that is used by large companies to borrow money.

Debentures are the most common type of long-term loans that can be taken by a company.

Debentures are typically loans that are repayable on a fixed date, but some debentures are irredeemable securities (these are sometimes called perpetual bonds), which means that they do not have a fixed date of expected return of the funds.

In marketing, promotion refers to a different sort of advancement. A salespromotion entails the features - via advertising and/or a discounted price - of a particular product or service. Product promotions can also be classified as "sales" or "specials."

Customer awareness. Promotion refers to the methods used by a business to make customers aware of its product. Advertising is just one of the means abusiness can use to create publicity.

Ethics is a branch of social science. It deals with moral principles and social values. It helps us to classify, what is good and what is bad? It tells us to do good things and avoid doing bad things.

So, ethics separate, good and bad, right and wrong, fair and unfair, moral and immoral and proper and improper human action. In short, ethics means a code of conduct. It is like the 10 commandments of holy Bible. It tells a person how to behave with another person.

So, the businessmen must give a regular supply of good quality goods and services at reasonable prices to their consumers. They must avoid indulging in unfair trade practices like adulteration, promoting misleading advertisements, cheating in weights and measures, black marketing, etc. They must give fair wages and provide good working conditions to their workers. They must not exploit the workers. They must encourage competition in the market. They must protect the interest of small businessmen. They must avoid unfair competition. They must avoid monopolies. They must pay all their taxes regularly to the government.

In short, business ethics means to conduct business with a human touch in order to give welfare to the society.

E stands for Eletronic

Trade credit is an important external source of working capital financing. It is a short-term credit extended by suppliers of goods and services in the normal course of business, to a buyer in order to enhance sales. Trade credit arises when a supplier of goods or services allows customers to pay for goods and services at a later date. Cash is not immediately paid and deferral of payment represents a source of finance.

The features of trade credit are given below:

1. There are no formal legal instruments/acknowledgements of debt.

2. It is an internal arrangement between the buyer and seller.

3. It is a spontaneous source of financing.

4. It is an expensive source of finance, if payment is not made within the discount period.

Advantages

2. It is an internal arrangement between the buyer and seller.

3. It is a spontaneous source of financing.

4. It is an expensive source of finance, if payment is not made within the discount period.