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Posted by Neil Modi 5 years ago
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Posted by Neil Modi 5 years ago
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Posted by Neil Modi 5 years ago
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Posted by Neil Modi 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
- Mitosis results in the production of diploid daughter cells with identical genetic complement usually.
- Cell divides by mitosis to restore the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
- Helps in cell repair.
- Mitotic divisions in the meristematic tissues result in a continuous growth of plants throughout their life.
Posted by Neil Modi 5 years ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years ago
Cytokines are a group of proteins secreted by cells of the immune system that act as chemical messengers. Cytokines released from one cell affect the actions of other cells by binding to receptors on their surface. Through this process, cytokines help regulate the immune response. They act through receptors, and are especially important in the immune system; cytokines modulate the balance between humoral and cell-based immune responses, and they regulate the maturation, growth, and responsiveness of particular cell populations.
Posted by D? ? 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Bivalent: Complex formed by a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes is called a bivalent. It is also known as a tetrad.
Posted by Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
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Prem Nayak 5 years ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
The production of three types of flowers namely staminate flowers, pistillate flowers and bisexual flowers in the same plant is known as polygamous. E.g. Musa.
Posted by Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
- Calyx-
- The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and the members are called
- The calyx may be gamosepalous , when sepals are united or polysepalous when sepals are free.
Posted by Avnish Mishra 5 years ago
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Posted by Sachi Chauhan 5 years ago
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Sachi Chauhan 5 years ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Pinacocytes, which are epithelial-like cells, form the outermost layer of sponges and enclose a jelly-like substance called mesohyl. Mesohyl is an extracellular matrix consisting of a collagen-like gel with suspended cells that perform various functions.
Posted by Asnad Ahmad Khan Khan 5 years ago
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago
A N S W E R
Pteridophyte are also called as vascular cryptogams. They show the first vascular property in the plant kingdom. Vascular plants are those plants, who have xylem and phloem.
Posted by Srihari Haran 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Sometimes in C3 plants, RuBisCO binds to oxygen molecules and the reaction deviates from the regular metabolic pathway. The combination of RuBP and oxygen molecules leads to the formation of one molecule of phosphoglycerate and phosphoglycolate. This pathway is called photorespiration. During photorespiration, no sugar or ATP molecules are synthesized, but just CO2 is released at the expense of ATP and the whole process is futile.
However, C4 plants do not undergo photorespiration due to their special mechanism to increase the CO2 level for enzyme binding. During the Hatch and Slack Pathway, the C4 acid, oxaloacetic acid (OAA) breaks down to release CO2. This ensures the high concentration of intercellular CO2. Thus, in C4 plants, RuBisCO is more active as a carboxylase enzyme rather than as oxygenase. This is why C4 plants have better productivity.
Posted by Nirmal Pradhan 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Mitochondria synthesize energy-rich molecules that is ATP. They are so-called because they carry out the process of aerobic respiration and generate the energy molecules (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate) for cell operation. Therefore they are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
Posted by Varsha Baboria 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Another important organ system is the circulatory system. The earthworm has a closed circulatory system. An earthworm circulates blood exclusively through vessels. There are three main vessels that supply the blood to organs within the earthworm. These vessels are the aortic arches, dorsal blood vessels, and ventral blood vessels. The aortic arches function like a human heart. There are five pairs of aortic arches, which have the responsibility of pumping blood into the dorsal and ventral blood vessels. The dorsal blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the front of the earthworm’s body. The ventral blood vessels are responsible for carrying blood to the back of the earthworm’s body.
Posted by Royal Thakur ? 5 years ago
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Royal Thakur ? 5 years ago
Posted by Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
The members of Phaeophyceae or brown algae possess chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, carotenoids and xanthophyll. They vary in colour depending upon the amount of the xanthophyll pigment, fucoxanthin present in them
Posted by Aditi Shukla 5 years ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years ago
The respiratory zone includes the structures of the lung that are directly involved in gas exchange: the terminal bronchioles and alveoli. ... This is a blood-air barrier through which gas exchange occurs by simple diffusion. In the mediastinum, at the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra, the trachea divides into the right and left primary bronchi. The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller passageways until they terminate in tiny air sacs called alveoli.
Posted by Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
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Posted by Nandni Sharma 5 years ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years ago
The coralloid roots of Cycas are symbiotically associated with nitrogen fixing blue-green algae, Anabaena cycadae and Nostoc punctiforme. In the middle cortex of coralloid roots, there occurs a broad blue green zone, which is known as algal zone. Coralloid roots are irregular, negatively geotropic, dichotomously branched coral like roots which do not possess root hair and root caps.
Posted by Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
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Ranjan Borah 5 years ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Red algae are different from other groups except for diatoms. Listed below are general characteristics of Red Algae.
- Lack of flagella and centrioles
- Presence of photosynthetic pigments
- Found both in marine and freshwater
- They show biphasic or triphasic life cycle patterns.
- They are a multicellular, filament, blade structure.
- Stored food is in the form of starch and polymers of galactan sulphate
- A pit connection (hole in the septum) is formed between two algal cells.
- Have a diffuse growth pattern- Apical growth, Complex oogamy (triphasic)
- These group of red algae is generally found in tropical marine locations
- The mode of nutrition may either be saprophytic, parasitic or also epiphytic.
Posted by Nandni Sharma 5 years ago
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Posted by Abhishek Gothwal 5 years ago
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Posted by Srihari Haran 5 years ago
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Posted by Royal Thakur ? 5 years ago
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Posted by Tejasvi Tejasvi 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
- Mitosis results in the production of diploid daughter cells with identical genetic complement usually.
- Cell divides by mitosis to restore the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio.
- Helps in cell repair.
- Mitotic divisions in the meristematic tissues result in a continuous growth of plants throughout their life.
Posted by R. Prasad 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Characteristic features of Phylum Ctenophora:
i. They show biradial symmetry and are triploblastic.
ii. They are characterized by the presence of eight rows of cilia that help in locomotion.
iii. Ctenophores possess sticky cells called colloblasts to capture prey.
iv. They lack skeletal, respiratory or excretory system.
Examples : Hydra, Tubularia, Bougainvillea, Hydractinia, Eudendrium, Pennaria, Obelia, Sertularia, Plumularia
Posted by Naveen Rajasekar 5 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago
Red-tides: Red tides are caused by the red dinoflagellates (Gonyaulax) that multiply rapidly in sea and impart it a red colour. They release large amounts of toxins in water that can cause death of a large number of aquatic animals.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years ago
A flower in which both, male and female reproductive organs are absent is called a neuter flower. E.g. Ray florets of a sunflower plant. · A flower in which both, male and female reproductive organs are absent is called a neuter flower. Sunflower uses a method of cross-pollination for reproduction by attracting insects like bees and they spread the reproductive pollen from one flower to another flower. The ray florets of sunflower are often called as a neuter flower as it does not male or female parts.
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