The feeling of Nationalism emerged in Europe because of the enlightenment, which led the people of France to question its existence, rise as a national identity, resulted in the French Revolution. The French Revolution led France toward the modern nation-state. It also played a key role in giving birth to nationalism across Europe. During the end of the 18th century, nationalism began to rise in Europe as they wanted to free themselves from the empires. Some of the revolution that helped Europe to gain nationalism were Serbian Revolution, Norwegian independence, Greek War of Independence, and many more.

1. In olden times, the best way to present an idea was through symbolic personifications. This was the most common and appealing way to invite people's attention.
2. From 1789, females appeared in paintings as a symbol of liberty and revolution. Artists, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, often made efforts to represent a country as if it were a person. The female figures were chosen to express an abstract idea of a nation. These female figures, thus, became an allegory of the nation.
3. During the French Revolution, many symbolic personifications of 'Liberty' and 'Reason' appeared. In France, the female figure was christened Marianne, which was characterized by Liberty and the Republic - the red cap. the tricolour, the cockade. Statues of Marianne stood in public squares to remind the people of the national symbol of unity. 
4. Statues of Marianne were erected in public places to remind the public of the national symbol of unity and to persuade them to identify with it.
5. Marianne images were marked on coins and stamps,
6. Similarly, Germania became the symbol of the German nation. This work was done by the artist Philip Veit. He depicted Germania as a female figure standing against a background where beams of sunlight shone through the tricolour fabric of the national flag. In visual representations, Germania wore the crown of oak leaves, as the German oak stood for heroism. Germania became the allegory of the German nation.
7. During the French Revolution, artists used the formal allegory to portray ideas such as Liberty, Justice and the Republic.

Romanticism was a cultural movement that sought to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment in Europe. Romantic artists and poets criticised the glorification of reason and science. They focused on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings.

1. Agriculture has been in practice in India for thousands of years.
2. Continued uses of land without well-matched techno-institutional reforms lead to slow down the pace of agricultural development.
3. Inspite of development of sources of irrigation most of the farmers in large parts of the country still depend upon monsoon and natural fertility of the soil.
4. Our population grew at a fast rate than agriculture production. Agriculture which provides a livelihood for more than 60 per cent of its population, needs some serious technical and institutional reforms.
5. Exploitation by local moneylenders and middlemen.
6. Lack of insurance against natural calamities. 
7. Primitive methods of farming. 

National symbols used by countries outside Europe are flags, birds, flower, national anthem. EXPLANATION: The flag of 'United States of America' is blue coloured and has 50 stars on it surrounded by 'red and white stripes'. The bird used as a national symbol of America is the bald eagle.

Leading the procession, way past the statue of Liberty, are the United States and Switzerland, which by this time were already nation-states. France, identifiable by the revolutionary tricolour, has just reached the statue. She is followed by the peoples of Germany, bearing the black, red and gold flag.

The way to visualize a nation is by proffering it an abstract form and concrete for by allegory. ... The two examples of allegories can be taken from France and Germany for France was personified as Marianne and for Germany was personified as Germania.

Political power-sharing involves rules governing the distribution of political offices and the exercise of decision-making powers. Power may be shared by guaranteeing the inclusion of all significant parties simultaneously in the governing cabinet through rules on grand coalition formation.

Power sharing is desirable in democracy because:

1. Prudential reasons:
   1. It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups. Since social conflict often leads to violence and political instability
   2. Imposing the will of the majority, community over others may look like an attractive option in the short run, but in the long run, it undermines the unity of the nation.
   3. The domination of the majority is not only oppressive for minority but also ruins majority.
2. Moral reasons:
   1. Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise and who have to live with its effect.
   2. People have the right to be consulted on how they are to be governed.

Construction of dams disrupt the lives of tribal people who are displaced from their native habitats.