Because Brussels arrangement of power sharing was so innovative and appreciable that makes country more unite and possible for people of different cultures and diversities to live in a same country without facing any civil war. that's why the European Union choose Brussels as its headquarters.

1. The Green Revolution in India refers to the series of researches and technological advancements in the field of agriculture. It led to a great increase in the crop produced by using high yield variety seeds, fertilisers, extensive irrigation etc.
2. The Green Revolution greatly impacted the farmers of Punjab. Due to large scale production, the farmers became prosperous. Since their purchasing power improved, they were able to invest more money in agriculture. Consequently farming has become mechanised, whereby much of the work is done by machines such as tractors and combined harvestors on large farms.

The three-tier system basically means that the government is divided into three levels each with its own level of jurisdiction on matters of governance. The three levels are as follows:
1)The central government - this is the level of government for the entire nation of India. Its jurisdiction is on the entire nation and is responsible for the whole country. It handles international matters for India as well.
2)The state government - this the level of government at the state levels. Its jurisdiction is on the state level and is in charge of the matters and affairs of the given state.
3)Panchayati Raj - this level of government is at the rural, village or municipality level. The Panchayati Raj are responsible for governance at the local and rural levels.

Main Features of Federalism :

(i) There are two or more levels of government. India has three levels.

(ii) Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in matters of legislation, taxation and administration even though they govern the same citizens.

(iii) Powers and functions of each tier of government is specified and guaranteed by Constitution.

(iv) The Supreme Court has been given power to settle disputes between federal governments.

(v) Fundamental provisions of Constitution cannot be altered by any one level of government. It applies to India also.

 (vi) Sources of revenue between different levels is specified by Constitution.

(vii) There is mutual trust and agreement between the government at different levels.

Major crops grown in India are rice, wheat, millets, pulses, tea, coffee, sugarcane, oil seeds, cotton and jute, etc. of canal irrigation and tubewells have made it possible to grow rice in areas of less rainfall such as Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh and parts of Rajasthan

1. Primitive subsistence farming :

• It is practiced on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks.
• It depends upon monsoon, natural fertility of the soil and suitability of other environmental conditions to the crops grown.
• It is also called “slash and burn” cultivation

2. Intensive subsistence farming :

• This type of farming is practiced in areas of high population pressure on land.
• It is done where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.

3. Commercial farming :

• The main characteristic of this type of farming is the use of higher doses of modern inputs e.g., high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides in order to obtain productivity.
• The degree of commercialization varies from region to region.
• For example: Rice is a commercial crop on Punjab and Haryana, but in Orissa, it is a
  subsistence crop.

The main features of sustainable development are:

1) it respects and cares for all kinds of life forms.
2) it improves the quality of the human life.
3) it minimises the depletion of natural resources.
4) it enables the communities to care for their own environment.

Major forms of power sharing in modern democracy are:

• Power sharing among different Organs of the Government: In democracy, power is shared among Legislature, Executive and Juduciary.This is known as distribution of power. No organ of the governemnt can e P xcercise unlimited power as each ower sharing among different Organs of the Government organ checks the others.
• Governments at different levels: In federal form of government, power is shared between the central and state governments. In India there is another lower level of government -local self government.This is called vertical division of government.
• Social Groups: Power may also be shared among different social groups such as religious and linguistic groups. In India, there are constitutional and legal arrangements whereby socially weaker sections and women are represented in the legislatures and administration.
• Division of power between political parties, pressure groups and movements: Political parties are the organisations which aim to control power by contesting elections. In a democracy, citizens have the freedom to choose among the various contenders for power. When no party gets a majority, two or more parties come together to form a governemnt. In a democracy, pressure and interest groups also have an indirect share in the governemnt's power.

Sri Lanka has witnessed rise of groups like LTTE. Belgium and Sri Lanka were both facing the problems of power sharing. In case of Belgium, the government opted for accommodation whereas the government in Sri Lanka supported majoritarianism. When one community in majority considers the others as inferior and enjoys all the rights then it's known as majoritarianism . In Sri Lanka it's adopted by passing an act in which Sinhala was made the official language .

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) classified soils in 1953 as follows:

• Alluvial soils: The most fertile soil is the alluvial soil. Alluvial soil has been deposited by flowing rivers. It generally consists of minute particles of soil of various kinds mixed with salts and other minerals, and contains animal and vegetable matters in a state of complete decay.
• Black soils: Black soil is rich in calcium, potassium and magnesium but has poor nitrogen content. Crops like cotton, tobacco, chilly, oil seeds, jowar, ragi and maize grow well in it
• Red soils: Red soil are usually found in warm, temperate climate zones like India. These are derived from crystalline rock. These are usually poor growing soils with low nutrients and humus. These soils are very difficult for cultivation due to their low water holding capacity.
• Laterite soils: Laterite soil is formed due to intense leaching by rain water. Laterite soil is a rock type soil rich in iron and aluminium, and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas.
• Mountain soils: Mountain soils are formed due to the accumulation of organic matter which is derived from the forest growth.
• Desert soils: Most desert soils are called Aridisols (dry soil). These are porous sandy soils with low nitrogenous matter and humus.

The political conditions of Europe as follows :
(i) The first half of the nineteenth century saw an enormous increase in population all over Europe.
(ii) In most countries, there were more job seekers than employment. Population from rural areas migrated to the cities to live in overcrowded slums.
(iii) Small producers in towns were often faced with stiff competition from imports of cheap machine made goods from England, where industrialisation was more advanced than on the continent.
(iv) In these regions of Europe where the aristocracy still enjoyed power, peasants struggled under the burden of feudal dues and obligations.
(v) The rise of food prices or a year of bad harvest led to widespread pauperism in town and country.

Non cooperation movement was a mass movement which was launched by Gandhi in 1920. It was a peaceful and a non-violent protest against the British government in India. 

Programmes of the Non Cooperation movement were:

• Indians were asked to relinquish their titles and resign from nominated seats in the local bodies as a mark of protest.
• People had to resign from their government jobs.
• People were asked to withdraw their children from government-controlled or aided schools and colleges.
• People had to boycott foreign goods and use only Indian-made goods.

The main aim of the Non Cooperation movement was the demand of 'Swaraj' or the self government. 

Leaching refers to the removal of soluble material from a substance, such as soil or rock, through the percolation of water. Organic matter is typically removed from a soil horizon and soluble metals or salts from a rock by leaching. Bioleaching also refers to removal of valuable metals form ores by microbial action.

A debt trap is a situation in which a borrower is led into a cycle of re-borrowing, or rolling over, their loan payments because they are unable to afford the scheduled payments on the principal of a loan. These traps are usually caused by high-interest rates and short terms.

Land degradation is a process in which the value of the biophysical environment is affected by a combination of human-induced processes acting upon the land. It is viewed as any change or disturbance to the land perceived to be deleterious or undesirable.

Land degradation is caused by multiple forces, including extreme weather conditions particularly drought, and human activities that pollute or degrade the quality of soils and land utility negatively affecting food production, livelihoods, and the production and provision of other ecosystem goods and services.

Deforestation is taking place at a faster rate due to increasing demands of timber, fuel and forest products which results into degradation of land resources.
Overgrazing refers to excessive eating of grasses and other green plants by cattle. It results into reduced growth of vegetation, reduced diversity of plant species, excessive growth of unwanted plant species, soil erosion, and degradation of land due to cattle movement.
Following are some practises for controlling land degradation:
1. Strip farming:
It is & practice in which cultivated crops are sown in alternative strips to prevent water movement.
2. Crop Rotation:
It is one of the agricultural practice in which different crops are grown in same area following a rotation system which helps in replenishment of the soil.
3. Ridge and Furrow Formation:
Soil erosion is one of the factors responsible for lad degradation. It can be prevented by formation of ridge and furrow during irrigation which lessens run off.
4. Construction of Dams:
This usually checks or reduces the velocity of run off so that soil support vegetation.
5. Contour Farming:
This type of farming is usually practiced across the hill side and is useful in collecting and diverting the run off to avoid erosion.

Functions of RBI:

*RBI issues currency notes on behalf of the central govt.
*RBI supervises the functioning of formal source of loans.
*RBI monitors the banks in actually maintaining cash balance.
*It also sees that banks give loans not just for profit making and traders but also to small borrowers, small cultivators etc..
*Periodically banks have to submit information to RBI on how much they are lending, to whom, at what interest rate, etc

Power sharing is a term used to describe a system of governance in which all major segments of society are provided a permanent share of power; this system is often contrasted with government vs. opposition systems in which ruling coalitions rotate among various social groups over time.

Globalisation is usually demonstrated to indicate the integration of the economy of the nation with the world economy, which is a multifaceted aspect. Globalisation is the final product of the collection of multiple strategies that are directed at transforming the world towards greater interdependence and integration. It comprises of the creation of networks and pursuits transforming social, economic and geographical barriers. Globalisation tries to construct links in such a manner that the events in India can be determined by events happening distances away.

Impact on agriculrure

• Globalisation is an old phenomenon.
• It started at the time of colonisation.
• In the nineteenth century when European traders came to India, during that time as well the Indian spices were exported to different countries of the world and farmers of south India were encouraged and enhanced to grow these crops.
• Till today it is one of the major items of export from India.

Romanticism is a cultured movement focused on emotion and mystical feeling insted of reason and science to develop nationalist sentiment. They helped create a sence of collective heritage and cultural past as part of nation bilding through use of folk songs, dances & music. Romantics such as JOHANN GOTTFRIED claimed true german culture was to discoverd among common people 'das volk' .

1. Limited participation of Dalits: Dalits participation in the civil Disobedience movement was very limited, particularly in Maharashtra and Nagpur region where their organization was quite strong.
2. No Participation of Muslims: Some of the Muslim political organizations in India were also Lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement. After Non-Cooperation-Khilafat movement Muslims felt alienated from the congress.
3. Dominant role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha: The role of Sanatanis and Hindu Mahasabha was very dominant. Due to the fear of Sanatanis the conservative high class Hindus, congress ignored the Dalits. Congress was very close to Hindu Mahasbha. Hindus Mahasabha strongly opposed the efforts of compromise between Congress and Muslim League.
4.  Clash between BR Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi: In 1930 Dr B R Ambedkar clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second-round table conference by demanding separate electorate for Dalits.
5. Participants have different aspirations: Participation had their own aspirations. There was a contrast between the demands of industrialist and working class. Contrast was also there in the demand of Rich peasants and poor peasants. United struggle was not there.

1)Our country is ruled by two forms of governments- central and state government.
2)As in a federal nation, each type of government can not interfare in other one’s issues.
3)Seperate jurisdiction is meant for them.
4)Elections for each government are held saperately, this proves India is Federal nation.
5)Division of power.

Nationalist tensions emerged in the Balkans because of the spread of ideas of romantic nationalism as also the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire that had previously ruled over this area. The different Slavic communities in the Balkans began to strive for independent rule. They were jealous of each other and every state wanted more territory, even at the expense of others. Also, the hold of imperial power over the Balkans made the situation worse. Russia, Germany, England, Austro-Hungary all wanted more control over this area. These conflicts ultimately led to the First World War in 1914.