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Meghna Thapar 6 years ago
i. When an acid reacts with a metal, then a salt and hydrogen gas is formed.
Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas
Example - When dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with the metal zinc, zinc chloride is formed with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
ii. When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate then a salt, carbon dioxide and water are produced.
Example: When dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate, then sodium chloride, carbon dioxide and water are formed.
iii.
The reaction between an acid and a base to form salt and water is called a neutralisation reaction.
Base + Acid → Salt + Water
When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide solution, then a neutralisation reaction takes place to form sodium chloride and water.
iv.
Acids react with metal to form salt and water.
Metal oxide + Acid → Salt + Water
v. Bases react with non-metallic oxides to form salt and water.
For Example: Calcium hydroxide reacts with non-metallic oxides like carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate salt and water.
Posted by Adarsh Nayak 6 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 6 years ago
A current-carrying conductor when placed in a magnetic field experiences a force. The direction of the force gets reversed when the direction of the current is reversed or when the direction of the magnetic field is reversed. The force acting on a conductor is found to be maximum when the current and magnetic field are at right angles to each other. When the conductor is placed parallel to the magnetic field, no force acts on it.
Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule gives the direction of the magnetic force acting on the conductor.
Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule:
Stretch the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the left hand such that they are mutually perpendicular to each other. If the forefinger points in the direction of the field, and the middle finger in the direction of the current, then the thumb gives the direction of motion or the force acting on the conductor.
The force experienced by a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field is the underlying principle of an electric motor where electric energy is converted into mechanical energy. Such motors are used to run many electrical appliances, including fans, toys etc.
Posted by Gaganpreet Singh 6 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 6 years, 1 month ago
- A system of control and coordination is essential in living organisms so that the different body parts can function as a single unit to maintain homeostasis as well as respond to various stimuli.
- In animals, the nervous system and hormonal system are responsible for control and coordination.
- In addition to electrochemical signals, plants and animals use hormones for control and coordination.
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The hormones that control and coordinate the activities in plants are called plant hormones or phytohormones.
The four types of plant hormones are:
(i) Auxins - It promotes cell enlargement and cell differentiation in plants.
(ii) Gibberellines - It helps in breaking the dormancy in seeds and buds.
(iii) Cytokinins - It promotes cell division in plants.
(iv) Abscisic acid - It promotes the dormancy in seeds and buds.
Posted by Ruchi Kanojia _☺️ 6 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 6 years, 1 month ago
Structure of a Nephrons:
Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys.
Each kidney possesses large number of nephrons, approximately 1-1.5 million.
The main components of the nephron are glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tubule.
Functioning of a Nephron:
The blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with glomerulus.
The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule.
In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine.
The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, where more water is absorbed.
From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule and finally to the collecting duct. Collecting duct collects urine from many nephrons.
The urine formed in each kidney enters a long tube called ureter. From ureter, it gets transported to the urinary bladder and then into the urethra.
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In zoology, copulation is animal sexual behavior in which a male introduces sperm into the female's body, especially directly into her reproductive tract.
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