The main land of India extends between latitudes 8°4'N and 37°6'N and longitudes 68°7'E and 97°25'E.
The Tropic of Cancer (23° 30'N) passes almost through the middle of the country.
Apart from the mainland, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Indian Ocean) and the Lakshadweep (Arabian Sea) are also parts of India.

• The Indian landmass has a central location between the East and the West Asia.
• India is a southward extension of the Asian continent.
• The trans Indian ocean routes which connect the countries of Europe in the West and the countries of East Asia provide a strategic central location to India.
• The Deccan Peninsula protrudes into the Indian Ocean thus helping India to establish a close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the western coast and with Southeast and East Asia from the eastern coast .

1. Slave trade began in the 17^th century. This was a triangular slave between Europe , Africa and America. The French merchants bought slaves from Africa to work in the plantations in the Caribbean colonies to meet the growing demands for sugar, coffee, and indigo in Europe.
2. The National Assembly wanted to extend the rights to slaves also, but did not pass laws, fearing opposition from businessman whose incomes depended on the slave trade.
3. Convention, in 1794 legislated to free all slaves. But slavery was reintroduced by Napoleon.
4. Slavery was finally abolished in 1848.

The Indian ocean is named after India because:

• India holds a central location which is at the head of the Indian Ocean.
• India in ancient times was an important location in the Indian Ocean which connected Europe with countries of Southeast Asia.
• India also has the longest coastline in the region which no other country has in the Indian ocean

(i) The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million (3.28 lakh) square km; which comprises about 2.4% of the total geographical area of the world. India is the seventh largest country in the world.
(ii) The land boundary of India is 15,200 km. The coastline of the country is 7,516.6 km; which includes the Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep.
(iii) The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is about 30°. The time along the Standard Meridian is taken as the Indian Standard Time.
(iv) The Standard Meridian of India passes through Mirzapur in UP which is located at 82°30’ east. The time lag between Arunachal Pradesh (in the east) and Gujarat (in the west) is about 2 hours. When one moves from south to north, the latitudinal extent influences the duration of day and night.
(v) India is centrally located between the East and the West Asia.

• The clergy and the nobility led a luxurious life and enjoyed many privileges by birth. While the peasants and the labourers lived very hard life. They had to pay heavy taxes.
• Louis XVI spent lots of money on luxurious living and wasteful festivities. The high posts were generally auctioned which caused inefficiency in the administration. 
• Long years of war had drained the financial resources of France. To meet the expenses, the state was forced to increase taxes that also irked the people of France.
• Louis XVI called together an assembly of Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes. This proved to be immediate cause of the French revolution.

The President of the World Bank Group is the head of World Bank Group. The president is responsible for chairing the meetings of the Boards of Directors and for overall management of the World Bank Group. Traditionally, the World Bank Group President has always been an American citizen nominated by the United States, the largest shareholder in the World Bank Group. The nominee is subject to confirmation by the Board of Executive Directors, to serve for a five-year, renewable term.

• Louis XVI called together an assembly of Estates General in order to pass proposals for new taxes.
• The Estates General was a political body to which the Three Estates sent their representatives.
• A resplendent hall was prepared to hold delegates.
• The 1^st and 2^nd estates sent 300 representatives who were seated in rows facing each on two sides.
• The 600 members of 3^rd estate stand at their back.
• The 3^rd estate were represented by prosperous and educated members
• Peasants, artisans and women were denied entry into the assembly.
• Their grievances and demands were listed in around 40,000 letters which the representatives had brought with them.
• Earlier, voting in Estates General had been conducted according to the principle that each estate had one vote.
• Louis XVI decided to continue the same practice but the members of 3^rd estate demanded that voting should be conducted by the assembly as a whole, in which each member had a vote.
• When the king rejected the proposal, members of the 3rd estate walked out of the assembly in protest.