In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile. He and the Bolsheviks had opposed the war since 1914. Now he felt it was time for Soviets to take over power. He declared that the war be brought to a close, land be transferred to the peasants, and banks be nationalised.
These three demands were Lenin's April Theses.’

Elections are organized way through which  people cast their votes and elect their representatives to various public positions. Elections constitute essence of  a Democracy in which people's representatives are elected by the adult population of a country.  Elections are important for the following reasons:
a. Elections are the most important tool of indirect democracy through which people elect their representatives who in turn make laws for them.
b. It is through elections people exercise their choice.
c. It allows for a government based on the consent of the people.
d. Elections allow peaceful transition from one form of government to another by means of elections. If people are not satisfied with present government, its policies its way of functioning they can always elect another party to form government.
e. Elections ensure that no government is elected for lifetime or then turn tyrannical.
f. Elections allow people to participate in the affairs of the country and remain politically alter and vigilant.
g. It compels political leadership to work for the welfare of the people.

• They block rain bearing mansoon wind from arabian sea and bay of bengal,therrfor northen plains recive loys of rain fall.
• They protect india from cold wind from north asia.
• The role of himalayas as a guard of our northen boundary is very important.
• Himalayas has made the northen plains very fertile.
• The rich vegitation of the himalayas are also an important factore.

Hitler, after coming to power, emerged as an all powerful dictator. He destroyed democracy in Germany.  
(i) The First Fire decree in 1933 suspended the civic, rights like freedom of speech, press and assembly and thus controlled the German population.  
(ii) The Enabling Act was passed. It gave all powers to Hitler to Sideline Parliament and rule by decree.  
(Ill) All political parties except the Nazi Party were banned. All political opponents were imprisoned or assassinated.  
(iv) The communists were suppressed and sent to concentration camps.  
(v) Special security forces such as the SA, SS, SD and Gestapo were created to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted. These forces were given extra constitutional powers.  
(vi) In schools children were taught to be loyal and submissive hate Jews and worship Hitler.  
(vii) Nazi youth organizations, the like 'Jungvolk' and 'Hitler Youth' were created where the youth were taught to worship war and Hitler and hate democracy, communism and Jews.  
(viii) Media was used carefully to win the support for Hitler and Nazism. Nazi ideas were spread through visual images films, radio, posters and catchy slogans and leaflets.  

1.Preparation of voter 's list: In a democratic election, the list of those who are eligible to vote is prepared much before the election and given to everyone.this list is officially called the Electoral Roll and is commonly known as the Voter 's list.
2. Nomination of candidates : The only difference is that in order to be a candidate the minimum age is 25 while it is only 18 years for being a voter. Every person who wishes to contest an election has to fill a 'nomination form ' and give some money as 'security deposit '

3. Election Campaign:  It is necessary to have a free and fare and open discussion about who is a better representative ,which party will make a better govt. or what is a good policy. This is what happens during the election campaign.

4. Polling and counting of votes:  The final stage of an election is the day when the voter 's cast or "poll" their vote. Every person whose name is on the voters list can go to a nearby "polling booth"  situated usually in a  local school or a govt. office.

Monsoon: This type of climate is mainly found in the south and Southeast Asia. The climate of India is of monsoon type. The seasonal reversal in wind direction during a year is called monsoon.

The summer monsoon and the winter monsoon determine the climate for most of India and Southeast Asia. The summer monsoon is associated with heavy rainfall. It usually happensbetween April and September. ... The summer monsoon brings a humid climate and torrential rainfall to these areas.

Segregation is the policy of separation of diverse social groups in a country or a community.It implies the policy of racial segregation where people of one racial community is separated from the other. Segregation is the practice in society of separating groups of people, such as on the basis of race, religion, or ethnicity. Sociologists use the concept of segregation to help explain inequality, as segregation often limits opportunities and restricts the freedom of people who do not belong to a dominant group.

The striking workers and the soldiers formed the Petrograd Soviet and The Tsar was forced to abdicate. The February revolution saw the fall of the monarchy.
After the fall of monarchy a Provincial Government was formed in Russia. Lenin returned from his exile and propagated three points from April thesis i.e. bringing the war to an end, transferring land to the peasants and the nationalization of banks.
The provincial government, headed by Kerenskiii, saw Lenin as a threat and started arresting the Bolsheviks and resisting the spread of their ideas.
Lenin feared Kerinskii’s dictatorship and convinced the Bolsheviks to stage an uprising. He appointed a Military Revolutionary Committee under Leon Trotskii. In October 1917, the Bolsheviks, with the help of Leon Trotskii, seized power from the provincial government.
October 1917, saw the fall of the monarchy, the rise and fall of the Kerenskii government and finally the rise of the Lenin and the Bolsheviks.

(i) October and November are the months of retreating monsoon.

(ii) During this season low monsoon trough becomes weak and is replaced by high pressure. Thus, monsoon begins to retreat. By the beginning of October it retreats completely from Northern Plains.

(iii) This period is the period of transition from hot rainy season to cold winter season. It is marked by clear sky, moist ground and high temperatures giving birth to October Heat.

(iv) Low pressure trough shifts to Bay of Bengal. They give rise to cyclonic depressions which cause havoc on the eastern coasts-especially the coasts of Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu with very strong storms and rains. The super cyclone of 1999 will remain in the memories of millions of people for over, who lost their near and dear ones along with their properties.

• He promised to build a strong nation and undo the justice of Treaty of Versailles and restore the dignity of the German people.
• He promised employment for those looking for work.
• He promised to protect Germany from all foreign influences and secure his country’s future.
• He promised employment for those looking for work, and a secure future for the youth.

Illiteracy  - The labourer won't be able to send his children to school, As a result they will always remain illiterate. Illiteracy Due to poverty, the parents are not able to send their children to school and thus increase their earning power. Later on, when these children become adults and enter the job market, they are unable to find well-paying jobs, resulting again in poverty. Thus illiteracy and poverty depend on each other.

Liberals did not believe in universal adult franchise, that is, the right of every citizen to vote. They felt men of property mainly should have the vote. They also did not want the vote for women.

According to law, following activities are banned during election campaign:

• Threatening or bribing the voters.
• Asking for votes in the name of religion or caste.
• Use of government resources in election campaign.
• Spending more than Rs. 25 lakh in a Lok Sabha constituency and more than Rs. 10 lakh in an assembly constituency.

1.Preparation of voter 's list: In a democratic election, the list of those who are eligible to vote is prepared much before the election and given to everyone.this list is officially called the Electoral Roll and is commonly known as the Voter 's list
.2. Nomination of candidates : The only difference is that in order to be a candidate the minimum age is 25 while it is only 18 years for being a voter. Every person who wishes to contest an election has to fill a 'nomination form ' and give some money as 'security deposit '

3.  Election Campaign: It is necessary to have a free and fare and open discussion about who is a better representative ,which party will make a better govt. or what is a good policy. This is what happens during the election campaign.

4.   Polling and counting of votes: The final stage of an election is the day when the voter 's cast or "poll" their vote. Every person whose name is on the voters list can go to a nearby "polling booth"  situated usually in a  local school or a govt. office.

The following were the determinations:

• on getting the power Hitler started abolishing the democratic rule.
• the communists were severely suppressed. They were sent to concentration camps.
• On 3 march 1933, the famous Enabling Act was passed. This act established Hitlers dictatorship in germany.
• All the other political parties and trade unions were banned.
• The state established complete control oover the economy, media, army and judiciary.
• Special observations and security forces were created to control and order society in ways that the Nazis wanted.

Social causes of the Russian revolution were:

• The Russian Society was divided into two classes before the Revolution. They were the rich and the poor. The nobles, feudal lords and the rich belonged to the rich class. The peasants, labourers and serfs belonged to the poor class. The vast majority of Russia’s people were agriculturists. About 85 per cent of the Russian empire’s population earned their living from agriculture. However, most of the peasants only cultivated the land. The land mainly belonged to the Cjhurch and the nobility. In Russia, peasants wanted the lands of the nobl;es to be given to them. They freequently refused to pay land rent.
• Spread of socialist ideas in Russia that lands should belong to farmers and industries should belong to workers also led to the Russian Revolution.
• The Czarist autocracy flamed the fire of unrest among the labourers, peasants, intellectuals and students of Russia. In course of time, public unrest increased in Russia. Thus, hatred towards the Czardom began.