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Chordates |
Non-Chordates |
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Notochord |
Presence of cord or notochord. |
Absence of cord or notochord. |
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Limbs |
Limbs are two pairs. |
Limbs may be more than two pairs. |
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Heart |
Heart is ventral with hemoglobin, RBC and limbs. |
Heart is in a dorsal or lateral position with limbs. |
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Examples |
Frog, fish, bird, reptiles, amphibians and mammals. |
Cockroach, earthworms, flatworms, jellyfish, sponges, insects, water bears, and other arthropods, annelids and protozoans. |
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Post **** tail |
They have post **** tail associated with them. |
No post **** tail is present in non-chordates. |
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Circulatory System |
Chordates have a closed circulatory system. |
Usually open circulation of blood takes place in non-chordates. |
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Nerve Cord |
Dorsal, hollow and single nerve cord is present in chordates. The nerve cord is without ganglia. |
Ventral, solid and double nerve cord is present. The nerve cord of non-chordates have ganglia. |
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Gill slits |
Pharyngeal gill slits are present. |
Pharyngeal gill slits are absent. |
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Respiration |
Respiration occurs through the gills or lungs in chordates. |
Respiration occurs through trachea, gills or body surface in non-chordates. |
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Body fluid |
Hemoglobin is present in chordates. |
Hemoglobin is absent, instead, hemolymph is present which is analogous to bloods in the vertebrates. |
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Germ layer |
Talking about the germ layer, chordates are triploblastic. |
Talking about the germ layer of non-chordates, they can be diploblastic, triploblastic or neither. |
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Symmetry |
These animals are bilaterally symmetric. |
These animals can be bilateral, bi-radial, asymmetrical or radial. |
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Coelomates |
They are true coelomates. |
They can either be true coelomates, acoelomates or pseudocoelomates. |
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Exoskeleton |
Exoskeleton is present in some of the chordates, for example, tortoises. |
Exoskeleton is present in all non-chordates. |
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Endoskeleton |
Endoskeleton is present in chordates. |
Endoskeleton is absent in non-chordates. |
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Regeneration |
Chordates have poor regeneration. |
Non-chordates have good regeneration, mostly. |
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**** |
The **** of these animals is differentiated and opens before the last segment. |
**** in these animals is usually absent and if present, it opens on the last segment. |
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Brain |
The brain of chordates is present, and located dorsal to the pharynx in head. |
Brain is not as complex as that of chordates if present in some of the animals. |
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Organization |
They have a body with an organ system. |
Their body organization is protoplasmic to the organ system. |
Posted by Sanaya 7 years, 5 months ago
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Sanskruti Patil 7 years, 5 months ago
Anam Fatima 7 years, 5 months ago
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Renu Gulati 7 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
Law of Constant Proportion states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass.
This law is also known as Law of definite proportions. Joseph Louis Proust gave this law hence, this law is also known as Proust’s Law.
Explanation of the law: Compounds are formed by the combination of two or more elements. In a compound the ratio of the atoms or element by mass remains always same irrespective of the source of compound. This means a certain compound always formed by the combination of atoms in same ratio by mass. If the ratio of mass of constituent atoms will be altered the new compound is formed.
Posted by Ayush Singh 7 years, 5 months ago
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Jang Guen Suk P 7 years, 5 months ago
Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
Mast cells are found in most tissues of the body, particularly in locations that are in close contact with the external environment, such as skin, airways, and intestines. Mast cells play an important protective role as well, being intimately involved in wound healing and defense against pathogens.
Posted by Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
A pair of centrioles are said to be diplosomes. Or a pair of centrioles arranged perpendicularly, located near the nucleus. It is present in all eukaryotic cells except for higher plants. It plays an important role in mitosis.
Posted by Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
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Posted by Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
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Prerna Gulati 7 years, 5 months ago
Posted by Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 5 months ago
The tapetum is a specialised layer of nutritive cells found within the anther, of flowering plants, where it is located between the sporangenous tissue and the anther wall. Tapetum is important for the nutrition and development of pollen grains, as well as a source of precursors for the pollen coat.
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Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
Sarthak Tiwari 7 years, 5 months ago
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Vikramaditya Mondal 7 years, 5 months ago
1Thank You