A blue, crystalline compound of copper sulfate. Blue vitriol is soluble in water, and is a very important industrial salt of copper. It is used in insecticides and germicides, in electrolytes for batteries, and in electroplating baths. Chemical formula: CuSO₄·5H₂O.

# Given -

M = 6×10^24 kg

m = 1 kg

R = 6.4×10^6 m

# Solution -

Gravitational force between earth and the object is given by -

F = GMm/R²

F = 6.67×10^-11 × 6x10^24 × 1 / (6.4x10^6)²

F = 9.77 N

Therefore, gravitational force between the earth and an object is 9.77 N.

The rate of change of velocity with respect to time.
Acceleration is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude as well as direction. It is also the second derivative of position with respect to time or it is a first derivative of velocity with respect to time.

 Dengue  is transmitted by Mosquitos

A tissue is a cluster of cells, that are alike in configuration and work together to attain a specific function.  Different types of plant tissues include permanent and meristematic tissues.
 

Meristematic tissue:

These tissues have the capability to develop by swift division.  They assist in the major growth of the vegetation. Growth in length and growth in diameter of the plant are carried about by these cells. The Meristematic cells are cubical, living cells with a big nucleus.  These cells are meticulously crammed with no intercellular spaces. Depending on the section where the meristematic tissues are existing, they are categorized as meristems intercalary, lateral and apical.

1. Apical meristem is existent at the growing tips or apical of stems and roots. Apical meristem upsurges the length of the plant.
2. Lateral meristem is existent in the radial portion of the stem or root. Lateral meristem upsurges the thickness of the plant.
3. Intercalary meristem is found at the internodes or at the base of the leaves. Intercalary meristem upsurges the size of the internode.

Old meristematic cells lose the capability to distribute and convert into permanent tissues. This procedure of capturing up a permanent function, size, and shape is termed as differentiation.

Permanent tissues:

Those cells which have lost their ability to distribute but are specialised to offer elasticity, flexibility and strength to the plant. These tissues can be additionally categorised into:

1. Simple Permanent Tissue: They can be classified into sclerenchyma, collenchyma and parenchyma based on their purpose.
2. Complex Permanent Tissue: These tissues include of phloem and xylem. Xylem is valuable for the transportation of water and solvable constituents. Xylem is made up of xylem parenchyma, fibres, vessels and tracheids. Phloem is valuable in the transportation of food particles. Phloem consists of phloem parenchyma, phloem fibres, companion cells, sieve cells and sieve tubes.

• Plasma membrane is the outermost layer in cells.
• It separates the content of cell from their external environment.
• It allows the materials from surrounding to enter and exit the cell. It also allows the materials from cell to exit outside.
• It controls the entry and exit of materials in nd out of cell and hence it is called selectively permeable membrane.
• Gases like carbon-dioxide or oxygen can also move in or out from high concentration to low concentration in a cell through the cell membrane by the process of diffusion.
• It also allows the movement of water in and out of the cell depending upon the concentration outside the cell by the process of osmosis.

We have seen blood consist of cells known as formed elements of blood. These cells have their own functions and roles to play in the body. The blood cells which circulate all around the body are as follows:

Red blood cells (Erythrocytes)

RBCs are the biconcave cells; also known as erythrocytes. RBCs contain the iron-rich protein called haemoglobin;  give blood its red colour. RBCs are the most copious blood cell produced in bone marrows. Their main function is to transport oxygen from and to various tissues and organs.

White blood cells (Leucocytes)

Leucocytes are the colourless blood cells. They are colourless because it is devoid of haemoglobin. They further classified as granulocytes and agranulocytes. WBCs mainly contribute to immunity and defence mechanism.

The liver is made of very soft, pinkish-brown tissues encapsulated by a connective tissue capsule. This capsule is further covered and reinforced by the peritoneum of the abdominal cavity, which protects the liver and holds it in place within the abdomen. In the case of the liver, the roads are connective tissue septae which convey vascular and biliary traffic, and the clusters of houses are cord-like arrangements of hepatocytes, the parenchymal cell of the liver.

• The first law of motion simply means that things cannot start, stop or change direction all by themselves.  It requires some force from the outside to cause such a change. This property of massive bodies to resist changes in their state of motion is called inertia. Newton’s first law is also known as the law of inertia.
• The second law of motion describes what happens to the massive body when acted upon by an external force.  The law states that the force acting on the body is equal to the product of its mass and acceleration.
• The third law of motion describes what happens to the body when it exerts a force on another body. The law states that when two bodies interact, they apply force on each other that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.  A force resting on a table applies a downward force equal to its weight on the table. According to Newton’s third law, the table applies an equal and opposite force on the book. This force occurs because the book slightly deforms the table, as a result, the table pushes back on the book like a coiled spring. Newton’s third law of motion implies the conservation of momentum.

• The complex tissue consists of more than one type of cell having a common origin. All these cells coordinate to perform a common function.
• Complex tissues are of two types: Xylem or wood and phloem or bast.
• Xylem and phloem are both conducting tissues and also known as vascular tissues; together both them constitute vascular bundles.

• Newton’s first law of motion states that a body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will continue in motion in a straight line with a uniform speed, unless it is compelled by an external force to change its state of rest or of uniform motion.
• The second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to the applied unbalanced force in the direction of force.
• Newton’s Third Law of Motion states that the action and reaction forces act on two different bodies and never cancel each other.

Total distance 40m in 40 sec.
Total time taken by the farmer = 2 min 20 sec. =140 seconds.
Total rounds completed= 140/40=3.5 rounds
That means if the farmer starts from point A of the square field, he reaches point C.
Therefore, displacement is AC.
Assume ABC is a right angled triangle.
Therefore,
AC^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>}= AB^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>} +BC<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54); font-family: Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">² </font></font>
AC^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>}= (10)^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>} +(10)<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54); font-family: Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">²</font></font>
AC^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>}= 100+100
AC^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">2</font></font>}=200

AC = (200)<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54); font-family: Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">^1/2</font></font>
 
AC= 10× (2) ^{<font size="1"><font style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: inherit;">½ </font></font>}

Permanent tissues are of two types – simple permanent tissues and complex permanent tissues.

Simple permanent tissues are composed of cells which are structurally and functionally similar. They are of three types – parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma.

Parenchyma –

Parenchyma tissue consists of relatively unspecialised cells with thin cell walls. They are live cells. They are usually loosely packed, so that large spaces between them.  This tissue provides support to plants and also stores food. In some cases, it contains chlorophyll and performs photosynthesis, and then it is called as chlorenchyma. In aquatic plants, large air cavities are present in parenchyma to give buoyancy to the plants to help them float. Such a parenchyma type is called aerenchyma. The parenchyma of stems and roots also stores nutrients and water.

Collenchyma –

The cells of collenchyma tissue are living, elongated and irregularly thickened at the corners. There is very little or no intercellular space. It allows easy bending in various parts of a plant (leaf, stem) without breaking. Thus, provides flexibility to the plant. It also provides mechanical support to plants.  

Sclerenchyma –

The cells of sclerenchyma tissue are dead. They are long and narrow as the walls are thickened due to deposition of lignin. The walls of cells are so thick that there is no internal space inside the cell. This tissue is present in stems, around vascular bundles, in the veins of leaves and in the hard covering of seeds and nuts. It provides strength to the plant parts and makes the plant hard and stiff.

Melting point of a solid is defined as the temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. Melting point of a solid indicates the strength of the force of attraction between the particles of the solid. On heating a solid, its molecules absorb energy in the form of heat and their kinetic energy increases.

The important characteristics of particles of matter are the following:

1. The particles of matter are very, very small.
2. The particles of matter have space between them.
3. The particles of matter are constantly moving.
4. The particles of matter attract each other.

The French society was divided into three classes which were as following:-
1) Nobility- This class included all those who were royals or were related to them and they were given high rank posts and most importantly were exempted from paying taxes.
These people also enjoyed fuedal services and often forced commomers to render them free services like building roads,etc
2) Clergy- These were the people who were related to church and religious things. They were too exempted from paying taxes. They also collected taxes names Tithes from common people.
3) The commons were the working class and this class included peasants,artists, bakers etc. They were the tax paying classes and were considered of lower social status. They had to pay many taxes and face social injustice done by clergy and nobility.

Anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter. for example, book, pen, pencil, water, air, all living beings etc. are composed of matter.
matter can exist in three physical states viz. solid, liquid and gas.

Solid : Solids have definite volume and definite shape.
Liquid: Liquids have definite volume but not the definite shape. They take the shape of the container in which they are placed.
Gas:Gases have neither definite volume nor definite shape. They completely occupy the container in which they are placed.

Proteins are produced in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum). Proteins are produced in the RER by the ribosomes attached to it.

Ribosomes are produced in cytoplasm and mitochondria’s chloroplast. RNA present in ribosomes plays a significant role in the synthesis of proteins. This synthesis is called translation as the protein compound is formed from amino acid and the amino acid structure is decoded from genes.