The Calico cloth was referred to the cloth made in Calicut. 
The Calico Acts were passed in 1690–1721. They came into being mainly because of the threat caused to the domestic English textile industry from the Indian and Chinese textile imports. 
The Calico cloth generally referred to the printed cotton textiles – chintz 

At a federal election, the party or coalition of parties with the support of the majority of members elected to the House of Representatives becomes the government. ... Although government is formed in the House of Representatives, there are also members of the government in the Senate. Democracy (Greek: δημοκρατία, dēmokratiā, from dēmos 'people' and kratos 'rule') is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing legislation. ... In a direct democracy, the people directly deliberate and decide on legislation.

Commercial grain farming is an extensive and mechanised form of agriculture. ... It was the invention of farm machinery which enabled farmers to cultivate grain on a large scale, and there is a marked specialisation in wheat monoculture in many areas. In commercial grain farming crops are grown for commercial purpose. The commercial grain farming is highly mechanised. Cultivation from ploughing to harvesting is often entirely mechanised. The use of tractors ploughs drills and combines harvests which reap, thresh, winnow and sack the grain all in one operation is common.

Bhil Uprisings

Economic distress, famine and misgovernment led to the uprising against the British in I 817-18. The British succeeded in suppressing the Bhil rising partly by military action and partly by conciliatory policy adopted by Elphiston. It was Govind Guru, the social and religious leader of the Bhil community for more than three decades, who was the pivotal force in uniting Bhils to demand a separate entity in the British period. The movement led to the infamous Mangarh massacre on November 17, 1913.

(i) It is a single crop farming practised on a large area.
(ii) Crops are mainly grown for the market.
(iii) It is both labour intensive and capital intensive.
(iv) It has an interface of agriculture and Industry.
(v) Developed network of transport and communi-cation connecting the plantation processing industries and markets play an important role in the development of plantations.
(vi) Examples of plantation crops are tea, coffee, rubber, sugar cane and banana.

Explanation:

Tribal people are the one that lives in communities in an area and have a particular job. There are a different occupation that is followed by the tribal people such as club man, fisherman, gatherer, hunter, priest, shaman and spearman.

Dutch people or the Dutch, are a West Germanic ethnic group and nation native to the Netherlands. 

Vegetation provides shelter to animals and provides us with timber and many other forest produce. Plants also produce oxygen when they make food and oxygen is the gas we breathe. Plants protect soil from degradation. Plants help in recharging the groundwater.

 Land is considered an important resource because it can be put to use for various purposes like agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses, roads and setting up of industries.

Company rule in India refers to the rule or dominion of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal surrendered his dominions to the Company, in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar, or in 1773, when the Company established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance. The rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian rebellion of 1857 and consequent of the Government of India Act 1858, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.

The British were furious at Tipu Sultan was he was an ambitious, dangerous and strong ruler who could have challenged the existence of British Empire.
Four wars were fought with the Mysore Empire among which the Mysore Empire turned out to be victorious in three.
Then, Tipu Sultan was one among those who must be crushed for the good of the British Empire conclusively he was killed in the fourth war.

The land on which crops are grown is called arable land.

In August 2016, the Karnataka government gave Abu Dhabi-based businessman B.R. Shetty permission to privatise the iconic Jog Falls to make it a perennial waterfall and to develop it into a tourism hotspot. As per the newspaper report, Shetty is to invest Rs 450 crore towards the project and charge visitors a “minimal” fee.

Privatising natural water bodies is not new in the country with Madhya Pradesh (now Chattisgarh) setting the trend 17 years ago by selling the rights of the Shivnath river, that extends to about 23.5 km, to a private company, Radius Water Limited (RWL). Not just RWL, there are many private companies working in different parts of India in the water sector like Veolia Water India Limited (VWIL), Jamshedpur Utilities and Services Company Limited (JUSCO), Vishwa Infrastructure Limited (VIL), MSK projects India Limited (MIL), Orange City Water Private Ltd (OCWL), etc. The state governments and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) encourage private parties to come forward and participate in the water and sanitation sector by opening up several opportunities like Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) and Urban Infrastructure Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) under Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) for them.

This is surprising considering the privatisation of the Shivnath river was a big blooper on the government’s part. Though the shortage of government funds to supply water to the industries was cited as the reason for the privatisation of the river water, it didn’t really work out that way. In fact, it not only affected the livelihoods of thousands of people around the river with RWL restricting the villagers from using the water by fencing it, the arrangement also resulted in huge financial loss for the government.

The government and the industries had initially believed that privatising the Shivnath river will solve the water woes of the industries at Borai. The plan was to build a barrage on the Shivnath to supply up to 30 million litres per day (MLD) to the Borai industrial centre near Durg in Chhattisgarh on BOOT (build, own, operate and transfer) basis.

The history of education began with teaching of traditional elements such as Indian religions, Indian mathematics, Indian logic at early Hindu and Buddhist centres of learning such as ancient Takshashila (in modern-day Pakistan) and Nalanda (in India) Before Christ.

Islamic education became ingrained with the establishment of the Islamic empires in the Indian subcontinent in the Middle Ages while the coming of the Europeans later brought western education to colonial India.

Modern Universities were established during British rule in the 19th century. A series of measures continuing throughout the early half of the 20th century ultimately laid the foundation of education in the Republic of India, Pakistan and much of the Indian subcontinent.

The 1757 Battle of Plassey

• In 1757, Robert Clive led the Company’s army against Siraj Ud Daulah at Plassey. THe COmpany won, and the main reason for the defeat of the Nawab was that the forces led by Mir Jafar, one of his commanders, never fought the battle.
• Clive had managed to secure the support of Mir Jafar by promising to make him nawab after crushing Siraj Ud Daulah. The battle of Plassey become famous because it was the first major victory the Company won in India.
• But when Mir Jafar also could not prove himself a meek puppet ruler controlled by the British, the Company deposed him and installed Mir Qasim in his place.
• And when Mir Qasim also complained, he was defeated in the Battle of Buxar in 1764, driven out of Bengal, and Mir Jafar was re-installed.  But when Mir Jafar died the next year, in 1765, the Mughal emperor appointed the Company as the Diwan of the provinces of Bengal, and the Company now began to exploit the vast revenue resources of Bengal.

Murshid Quli Khan was the first Nawab of Bengal .

British became the masters of a vast (Indian) empire over several centuries. With a process that initially started with trade and ended up with colonial regime, the British used the situations to their advantage in the following ways:

• They initially came to trade with India but internal instability presented before them, a good opportunity to conquer
• Small kingdoms posed little threat to the British and the lack of unity amongst the kingdoms served a great advantage to them.
• The British with several well thought of manipulative strategies like Doctrine of Lapse and Divide and Rule, ensured that they overcome every opposition from Indian rulers, the best possible way
• The British were a military might and had much bigger and modernized army than those of Indian rulers
• In 1651, they had asked only for permission to set up a factory near Hugli. However, after they were granted the same, they started pressing for more and more privileges and ensured that they accessed them, whichever ways. 

Woad is another plant which is used for making violet and blue dyes. Wood is a plant of temperate zones and hence was easily available in Europe. Woad was grown in northern Italy, southern France and in parts of Germany and Britain. The woad producers in Europe were worried by the competition from indigo and hence pressurized their governments to ban the import of indigo.

But indigo was preferred by the cloth dyers. While indigo produced a rich blue colour, woad produced pale and dull blue. By the seventeenth century, European cloth producers pressurized their governments to relax the ban on indigo import.

Two problems which arose with the new Munro system of fixing revenue were:

• The revenue demand was fixed too high that could not be met by the peasants.
• Peasants being unable to pay the rent fled the countryside and the villages became deserted in many regions.

In the British territories in the south a new system was devised which came to be known as the ryotwari system.

It was tried on a small-scale by Captain Alexander Read. Subsequently, Thomas Munro, the Governor of Madras, developed this system which was gradually extended all over south India. 

In the south there were no traditional zamindars. Hence the settlement was made directly with the cultivators or ryots who had tilled the land for generations. Their fields were separately surveyed before the revenue assessment was made.

 Under the Permanent Settlement the revenue was fixed or decided as per the land holdings of the peasants; In Mahalwari system revenue was to be paid by village known as mahal.   In Permanent Settlement, there was no provision of any revision of the revenue. But in Mahalwari System the revenue was to be revised periodically.    In Permanent Settlement the zamindars collected the revenue. But in Mahalwari systern the village headman had to collect the revenue.