Before the arrival of Lord Cornwallis, the police was under the authority of the zamindars and thus reported to them. Lord Cornwallis brought the police system under the Crown's governance and created a system under which 'thanas' headed by police inspectors were constituted at the level of districts, and such thanas reported to the superintendent of police (S.P.).

After the Lok Sabha elections, a list is prepared showing how many MPs belong to each political party. For a political party to form the government, they must have a majority of elected MPs. Since there are 543 elected (plus 2 nominated) members in Lok Sabha, to have a majority a party should have at least half the number i.e. 272 members or more. The Opposition in Parliament is formed by all the political parties that oppose the majority party/coalition formed. The largest amongst these parties is called the Opposition party.
The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of various states. There are 233 elected members plus 12 members nominated by the President.

Yes, economic and social marginalisation is interlinked. When Adivasis were displaced from their lands, they lost much more than a source of income. They lost their traditions and customs – a way of living and being. Destruction in one sphere impacts the other.

Water is a basic necessity for all. Nobody can live without water. Hence, universal access to safe drinking water is necessary for quality of life. Many water borne diseases can be prevented by providing safe drinking water to people. This also helps in bringing down the child mortality rate.

In view of this, water needs to be supplied either free of charge or at a charge that is affordable by everyone. Private companies operate with the main goal of earning maximum profit. Hence, a private company cannot be in a position to supply water at a rate which is affordable to all people. Due to this, there are very few cases of private water supply in the world.

The advantages to foreign companies in setting up production in India are following:
(i) They can get cheap labour in India.
(ii) They can spend the least on housing facilities for workers.
(iii) They can cut cost by providing lower working conditions including lower safety measures.
Thus, foreign companies can save costs and earn higher profits.

In the late nineteenth century, India was importing steel that was manufactured in Britain.
Expansion of the railways in India had provided a huge market for rails that Britain produced. British experts in the Indian Railways were unwilling to believe that good quality steel could be produced in India.
In 1914 the First World War broke out. Steel produced in Britain now had to meet the demands of war in Europe.
Imports of British steel into India declined dramatically and the Indian Railways turned to TISCO for supply of rails.
As the war dragged on for several years, TISCO had to produce shells and carriage wheels for the war.
By 1919 the colonial government was buying 90 per cent of the steel manufactured by TISCO. It became the biggest steel industry within the British Empire.

Cotton textile industry expanded rapidly in Mumbai  because of the presence of favourable conditions such as warm and moist climate, a port situated nearby to import machinery, availability of raw material and skilled labour.

Mahatma Gandhi thought that the western education was hampering the Indian culture .He also felt that the ideas of western education could modernise the Indian people but could not educate them .
Tagore wanted to combine the good aspects of it with the indian traditions ,He recognised the importance of science and technology and wanted to promote them along with art ,music and dance at Shantiniketan .

Five important functions of the Parliament are as follows:

i) Law-making

ii) Introduction of new laws

iii) Financial control over the government’s income

iv) Control over the Executive

v) Organ of Information

Assam is the largest producer of tea in India.Approximately 52% of the total tea produced in India comes from the state of Assam. 

On the basis of rice produced in tonnes during 2015-2016,West Bengal is the largest rice producing state in India.Uttar Pradesh ranks on the 2nd position in the country

 Largest Wheat Producing States in India are:

1. UTTAR PRADESH.
2. PUNJAB.

Indian iron smelting companies decline in the 19th century because of the following reasons:

1. one reason was the new forest laws.when the colonial govn. prevented people from entering the reserved forests,the iron smelters could not find wood for charcoal and could not get iron ore.
2. Defying forest laws they often entered the forests and collected wood secretly but they could not sustain their ocupation on this basis for long.after much effort they were allowed but had to pay great taxes which often redused their income.
3.By late 19th century iron and steel was being imported from britain .This ienvitably lowered the demand for iron produced by local smelters

The tribal groups from Chottanagpur which supported Birsa Munda included the Mundas, the Santhals and the Oraons.