The Slavic Nationalist struggle in the 19th Century because the Slavic Nations existed as separate states and kingdoms. These were easily prone to conquer by other powers like Russia,Britain etc. In a bid to unite all the small slavic nations,the slavicnation struggle took place.

• This system of land revenue was instituted in the late 18th century by Sir Thomas Munro, Governor of Madras in 1820.
• This was practiced in the Madras and Bombay areas, as well as Assam and Coorg provinces.
• In this system, the peasants or cultivators were regarded as the owners of the land. They had ownership rights, could sell, mortgage or gift the land.
• The taxes were directly collected by the government from the peasants.
• The rates were 50% in dry land and 60% in wetland.
• The rates were high and unlike in the Permanent System, they were open to being increased.
• If they failed to pay the taxes, they were evicted by the government.
• Ryot means peasant cultivators.
• Here there were no middlemen as in the Zamindari system. But, since high taxes had to paid only in cash (no option of paying in kind as before the British) the problem of moneylenders came into the show. They further burdened the peasants with heavy interests.

Historically the Dutch have been experts in sea trade. In 1602, the United East India Company of the Netherlands was formed and given permission by the Dutch government to trade in the East Indies including India. The Dutch founded their first factory in Masaulipatam in Andhra Pradesh in 1605.

The full form of TISCO is Tata Iron and Steel Company. It was set up in Jamshedpur in 1912 by Jamsetji Tata.

In NIJ cultivation, the planter themselves produce indigo while under Ryot system, planter get indigo produced by ryot. In NIJ cultivation planter directly employ hired labour to produce indigo while in ryot system, planter force the ryot to sign an agreement to produce indigo. Ryot was a general economic term used throughout India for peasant cultivators but with variations in different provinces. 

If there were no restrictions on the power of elected representatives then these representatives can misuse their powers and this will lead to injustice to the citizen of our country. It may lead to a dictatorship where the ruler can do anything he wishes to without any restrictions. Unrestricted power may eventually lead to the violation of people's rights for fulfilling selfish motives.

There are two main reasons why the separation of religion from the State is important:

• The first is to prevent the domination of one religion over another. Example: Almost all countries of the world will have more than one religious groups living in them. Within these religious groups, there will most likely be one group that is in a majority. If this majority religious group has access to State power, then it could quite easily use this power and financial resources to discriminate against and persecute persons of other religions. This would violate Fundamental Rights.

• The second is to protect the freedom of individuals to exit from their religion, embrace another religion or have the freedom to interpret religious teachings differently. Example: We can give example of untouchability in Hindu religious practice. If state power were in the hands of those Hindus who support untouchability, then it would be a difficult task for anyone to abolish this practice.

The last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar was tried in court and sentenced to life imprisonment. He and his wife Begum Zinat Mahal were sent to prison in Rangoon in October 1858. Bahadur Shah Zafar died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862.

Deurbanisation is the process in which people move from the urban areas to rural areas.

Industries are being established outside the city because of  more affordable cost and the taxes and insurance at a cheaper price and also more people to work than in Urban Areas.

Satyagraha, a word coined by Gandhi (1869-1948) is the union of 'satya' which means 'love' or 'truth' with 'graha' meaning 'firmness', 'insistence'. 1. It has been translated as an insistence on truth, or, holding firm with love, though is most popularly known as 'non-violent resistance'. Forest Satyagraha was the integral part of Civil Disobedience Movement. Basically the aim of the study is to bring out the impact of Gandhian Movement in regional areas like Chhattisgarh. Forest satyagraha campaign of Maharashtra started in Sangamner and Akola talukas (tehsil) on 22nd July 1930. Batches of satyagrahis arrived at Sangamner from different places. Satyagraha committee were formed and masses were given a pledge to follow strictly the path of non-violence.

Especially targeted in the act were Hindu child widows whose husbands had died before consummation of marriage. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was the most prominent campaigner. This Act, also known as Act XV, 1856 legalised the remarriage of Hindu widows in all the regions which came under the jurisdiction of the East India Company. The Governor-General of India at that time was Lord Canning. The act was enacted due to the tireless efforts of social reformer Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar.

On the basis of raw materials, industry can be categorized as follows:

1. Agro-based Industries: When plants and animal based products are used as raw materials, it is called agro-based industry, e.g. cotton textiles, leather, edible oil, etc.
2. Mineral-based Industries: When minerals are the raw materials, it is called mineral-based industry, e.g. iron and steel, petrochemical, etc. The products of mineral-based industry feed other industries.
3. Marine-based Industries: When products from seas and oceans are used as raw materials, it is called marine-based industry, e.g. sea food industry.
4. Forest-based Industries: When forest produce are the raw materials, it is called forest-based industry, e.g. paper, furniture, pharmaceutical, safety matches, etc.

On the basis of size, i.e. the amount of capital invested, industries can be classified as follows:

1. Cottage Industry: When products are manufactured by hand and by artisans, it is called cottage industry. Basket weaving, pottery, etc. are examples of cottage industry. A small amount of capital is invested in small scale industries.
2. Large Scale Industry: When a high amount of capital is invested, it is called large scale industry. Large scale industry also produces in large volumes, e.g. automobile industry.

On the basis of ownership, industries can be classified as follows:

1. Private Sector: These are owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals, e.g. TATA and Reliance.
2. Public Sector: These are owned by the government or government agencies, e.g. SAIL, HAL, etc.
3. Joint Sector: These are jointly owned by the government and private owners, e.g. Delhi Metro, Maruti, etc.
4. Cooperative Sector: When workers or producers join together to form a company in which profit and workload are equally shared, it is called a cooperative, e.g. Amul, Lijjat, Mother Dairy, etc.

The secondary sector uses the products of the primary sector as raw materials for their production.

As manufacturing and processing of raw materials takes place in this sector, this sector is also known as the industrial sector.

The finished products of this sector directly reach the consumers.

The Revolt of 1857 was one of the first wars of Indian independence against the British. This revolt can aptly be termed the first war of Indian independence against the British. Kings, peasants, tribals, landlords and we sepoys, all were dissatisfied with the British rule.