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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
- Orographic rainfall: This type of rainfall is also known as relief rainfall. When moisture bearing winds strike a mountain range, it is forced to ascend or go up. As the wind rises up the mountains, it cools down to its saturation point bringing rainfall on the windward side of the mountains. These winds when they reach the leeward side of the mountains,are devoid of moisture and hence places located on the leeward side of the mountains get scanty rainfall.
- Cyclonic or Frontal rain: This type of rainfall occurs when warm and cold air meets each other. Since warm air is lighter, it rises above the cold air. The rising air is then cooled beyond the saturation point resulting in heavy rainfall. Such rainfall lasts only for few hours. Rainfall is very heavy in the tropical cyclones.
- Convectional rainfall: When the temperatures are high, the air gets heated. Warm air rises higher into the atmosphere; it then expands and spreads at the top. Ascending currents of hot and humid air results in condensation and in the formation of cumulo- nimbus clouds of great vertical extent. Such clouds give heavy rainfall. Convectional rainfall generally occurs in the equatorial regions where the temperature and rate of evaporation is quite high.
Posted by Parth Variya 6 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
Public health service is a chain of health centres and hospitals run by the government.
Posted by Khushi Uppal 6 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
The Rajarajeshvara temple at Thanjavur had the tallest shikhara among the temples of its time. Constructing it was not easy because there were no cranes in those days, and the 90-tonne stone for the top of the shikhara was too heavy to lift manually. So the architects built an inclined path to the top of the temple, placed the boulder on rollers and rolled it all the way to the top. The path started more than four kilometres away so that it would not be too steep. This was dismantled after the temple was constructed, but the residents of the area remembered the experience of the construction of the temple for a long time. Even now a village near the temple is called Charupallam, the ‘Village of the Incline’.
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Gaurav Seth 6 years, 1 month ago
Surat:
- Surat, in Gujarat, is situated on the bank of River Tapti. It was an important port and trading town during the medieval period.
- Surat was a commercial town. According to Duarte Barbosa, ships from many countries docked at Surat.
- During the reign of the Mughals, Surat became a very important commercial city, famous for all types of textiles, particularly cotton textiles. Fine cotton with ‘Zari’ borders were produced by the craftsmen. These were exported to the markets in West Asia and Europe.
- The English set up a trading post in Surat in 1612. They were followed by the Dutch and the French
- The location of Surat also helped it to prosper. Ships carrying Haj pilgrims to Mecca set sail from here.
- Realizing its importance, the Portuguese merchants tried to control trade in Surat.
- Surat enjoyed great prosperity between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. Shivaji plundered it twice, in 1664 and 1670.
- With the decline of the Mughal Empire and the rise of Bombay (now Mumbai) as a major port and administrative centre, Surat declined in importance. Today Surat is a major centre of diamond trade.
Gaurav Seth 6 years, 1 month ago
Masulipatnam is situated on the bank of river Krishna. It was founded in the fourteenth century. It was a port town. It was also called Machilipatnam because the gateway to the town was decorated with the eyes of a fish (Machili).
- Masulipatnam was a production centre of the fine chintz, which was in much demand in the markets of South-east Asia.
- Masulipatnam was and even today is famous for its Kalamkari work. The word Kalam means pen and Kari means work. It refers to a method of painting with natural and vegetable dyes on to cotton and silk fabric with a bamboo pen.
- Masulipatnam was a major trading center for Kalamkari textiles. These textiles were exported to the Safavid Empire in Persia.
Gaurav Seth 6 years, 1 month ago
Hampi an important town:
- Hampi is situated on the bank of River Tungabhadra, in Karnataka. It was the capital of the mighty Vijyanagar Empire. It was chosen as the capital because of its strategic location. Hampi had Tungabhadra river on one side and was surrounded by cliffs on the other three sides.
- Hampi was an important centre of the cotton and spice trade.
- In fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, European merchants used to buy these goods from the rich markets of Hampi.
- Hampi also traded with Persia, Arabia, Burma (now Myanmar), China and numerous islands in Indian Ocean.
- Traders from faraway lands visited Hampi from time to time to buy and sell goods.
- Hampi was well fortified city. It also had many beautiful temples. The rulers used the money from trade to build temples.
- After the battle of Talikota, Hampi fell into decline. Trade continued but the town lost its importance.
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Gaurav Seth 6 years, 1 month ago
The town of Masulipatnam or Machlipatnam is located on the delta of the Krishna river. The literal meaning of Masulipatnam is fish port town. It was a centre of intense activity in the 17th century. Since it soon became the most important port of Andhra Pradesh, both the Dutch and the English East India Companies attempted to control it. The fort of Masulipatnam was built by the Dutch.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
Chain of markets is a series of markets that are connected like links in a chain because products pass from one market to another.
(i) Vegetables are produced on farms.
(ii) The vegetable wholesale trader buys goods in large quantities.
(iii) These will then be sold to other traders.
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