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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 6 months ago
Maintaining overall cleanliness in the home and in surroundings is called sanitation. Sanitation is important for the health of a person and that of the community.
Many people have the habit of defecating in the open. Uncovered human excreta attract flies and other insects. These insects carry the germs of many dangerous diseases; like cholera, typhoid and jaundice. With constant public awareness campaign, the practice of open defecation can be stopped.
Poor sanitary conditions also contaminate the groundwater because contaminants percolate down the ground.
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- The process of taking out threads from the cocoon for use as silk is called reeling the silk.
- The process of removing hair from the body of a sheep in the form of fleece is called shearing.
- The process of washing the fleece that removes dust, dirt, dried sweat and grease is called scouring.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 6 months ago
Amoeba is omnivorous organism. It feeds on plants, microorganisms, smaller organisms etc. Nutrition is holozoic. Amoeba does not possess any mouth. It can ingest through any place on the surface of cell membrane. Amoeba has a sense of ability to accept food molecules and reject non-food particles. Digestion is intracellular in amoeba.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 6 months ago
Amoeba is omnivorous organism. It feeds on plants, microorganisms, smaller organisms etc. Nutrition is holozoic. Amoeba does not possess any mouth. It can ingest through any place on the surface of cell membrane. Amoeba has a sense of ability to accept food molecules and reject non-food particles. Amoeba extends its pseudopodia when the food is found. Pseudopodium just wraps around the food molecule and forms a food vacuole around it. An amoeba engulfs its prey along with a droplet of water in the food vacuole inside the cytoplasm.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 6 months ago
A plant is a nature’s gift as they provide us with the food, oxygen, shelter, clothing, etc. They are also known as the universal or primary producers.
In flowers, the pollen grain germinates after the pollination of the carpel and grows into the style by creating the pathway for the pollen grain to move down to the ovary. The pollen tube breaks into the ovule through the micropyle and bursts into the embryo sac where the male nucleus fuses with the nucleus of the egg inside the ovule forming a diploid zygote, which later swells up and develops into a fruit.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 6 months ago
These are large plants where wastewater is cleaned before being sent to the nearest water bodies or being reused. The sewage treatment involves physical, chemical and biological processes to remove impurities from the wastewater.
Physical Process:
1. Filtration: The wastewater is passed through bar screen. Large objects; like rags, sticks, plastic bags, cans, etc. are removed in this process.
2. Grit and Sand Removal: The wastewater is slowly passed through the sedimentation tank. Grit, sand and pebbles settle down at the bottom.
3. Sedimentation: Water is then sent to the sedimentation tank. Solids; like faeces settle at the bottom. Floatable impurities; like oil and grease float on the surface. A scraper removes the faeces from the water. The impurity thus collected is called sludge; which is sent to the sludge tank. The sludge can be used to produce biogas or to produce manure. A skimmer removes the floatable impurities. Now, the water is called clarified water.
Biological Process
4. Aeration: Air is pumped into clarified water so that bacteria can proliferate. Bacteria consume the human waste. It leaves food waste, soap and other unwanted materials in the water. The microbes settle down at the bottom after several hours. Water is then removed from the top. This water is fit for irrigation and can be used for that purpose.
Chemical Process
5. Chlorination: Water purified through aeration is not fit for human consumption. It needs to be treated with chlorine. For this, bleaching powder is added to the water. The chlorine kills whatever germs may be left in the water. After chlorination, the water is fit for drinking.
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