Manuscripts can be defined as a handwritten record of information. These are useful sources of information about the past which could be in the form of a letter, on leaves and barks of trees or scrolls. Palm leaf manuscripts made of dried palm leaves were commonly used in India.

The circles drawn parallel to the Equator are known as parallels or latitudes. They are drawn at an interval of one degree, which is equal to 111 kilometres on the Earth's surface.

The maximum distance between any two meridians is at the Equator.

Longitudes are known as meridians because in Geographical sense, meridians are great circles which are not parallel to each other but intersect each other at the North and the South Poles. Same stands true of the longitudes. All longitudes are great circles which meet at the Poles.

Different regions of these parallels such as the Equator, the Tropic of Cancer, the Tropic of Capricorn, the Arctic Circle and the Antarctic Circle receive sun-rays at various angles, due to this the Earth is divided into 3 heat zones: Torrid, Temperate and Frigid.

Poles are colder than the equatorial region because Sunrays don't fall straight on poles, the angle of incidence of sunrays at poles is lowest, they travel a long distance before reaching to the surface of the earth at poles. And poles also don't get heat energy of sun throughout the year. The South Pole is colder than the North Pole primarily because of the elevation difference and for being in the middle of a continent. The North Pole is a few feet from sea level in the middle of an ocean.

One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Equator is called latitude.
One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Prime Meridian is called longitude. 

Ladakh is one of the most beautiful places in India, but it also holds economic and social importance .

For centuries this part of the nation is known for its international trade routes with China, Mongolia, and Tibet . The place is known for grain, Pashmina, charas, and grain from the Tarim Basin in Norwest China traversed through these parts.

• One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Equator is called latitude.
• One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Prime Meridian is called longitude

The farmers in olden times just fed the microbes - manure, plant waste, foliage, etc. By putting manure, plant waste and foliage in the agricultural field, help in water retention in the soil - it prevents water evaporation due to Sun light and wind. In a herbaceous plant (rice, wheat, ragi, etc.) Sometime around 12,000 years ago, our hunter-gatherer ancestors began trying their hand at farming. First, they grew wild varieties of crops like peas, lentils and barley and herded wild animals like goats and wild oxen.

Diversity means "variety" and "being different". It is a product of different geography, culture and history. Diversity is more than just tolerating the differences. It is respecting and understanding the varying differences among individuals in society.

Ladakh is one of the most beautiful places in India, but it also holds economic and social importance .

For centuries this part of the nation is known for its international trade routes with China, Mongolia, and Tibet . The place is known for grain, Pashmina, charas, and grain from the Tarim Basin in Norwest China traversed through these parts.

A ring system around a planet is also known as a planetary ring system. Four the planets in the Solar System have rings. They are the four giant gas planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Saturn, which has by far the largest ring system, was known to have rings for a long time. It was not until the 1970s that rings were discovered around the other gas planets. One theory is that the rings formed at the same time as the planet and its major moons. In this case, if material is close to the planet, the planet's gravitational pull is too strong to coalesce into a moon and the particles that would otherwise form a moon spread out in orbit around the planet as a ring.

One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Equator is called latitude

One of the imaginary circles parallel to the Prime Meridian is called longitude.

Explanation: ​In India, the longitude of 82½° E (82° 30' E) is considered the standard meridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as the standard time for the whole country. It is known as Indian Standard Time (IST).

Latitudes between 23.55 and 23.5 N are called the Tropics. Latitudes between 23.5 and 66.5 N or S are the Temperate Zones and between 66.5 and 90 N or S are the Arctic (and Antarctic) zones. The North frigid zone, between the Arctic Circle 66.5° N and the North Pole 90° N. Covers 4.12% of Earth's surface. The North temperate zone, between the Tropic of Cancer 23.5° N and the Arctic Circle 66.5° N. Covers 25.99% of Earth's surface.

The heat zones of the Earth are: the Torrid Zone, the Temperate Zones and the Frigid Zones. On the basis of the distribution of temperature  earth is divided  into the following  heat zones, 

• Torrid zone: It extends on both side of the equator and is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn. That is between 23 degrees half minute  North and 23 degree half minute South latitudes. 
• Temperate zone: It extends in one each of the two hemispheres.  They lie between the Tropic of Cancer and Arctic Circle in the northern and between Tropic of Capricorn and Arctic Circle in the southern hemisphere. That is between 23 degrees half minute North to 66 degrees half minute North and 23 degrees half minute South and 66 degrees half minute South latitudes. 
• Frigid zone: It extends in two hemispheres.  The fried zone in Northern hemisphere lies between Arctic Circle and the North Pole and in the southern hemisphere between Antarctic circle and South pole. 

Thematic Map: Thematic maps show specific information. For example; a road map shows the road network of an area. Similarly, a rail map shows the rail network of an area. A thematic map can show various industries, crop production, population density, etc.

The study of the monuments helps the historians to write the history of the past kings, rulers and emperors who have ruled the kingdom .

The Pole Star is the star that is known to retain its position in the sky always. We can locate the position of the Pole Star with the help of the constellation Saptarishi. If an imaginary line is drawn joining the "pointer stars" of the Saptarishi and extended further, it will point to the Pole Star.

India has a wide geographical diversity. There are five main physical divisions – the Great Mountain Wall of the North, the Indo – Gangetic Plains, the Desert Regions of the west, the Coastal Plains and the Islands (Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep). This varied topography influenced the climate and in turn the diet, dress, customs ans culture of the people. For example, people living in mountains and forest regions are more physically fit and live a challenging and an adventurous life than people living on plains. 

India has a wide geographical diversity. There are five main physical divisions – the Great Mountain Wall of the North, the Indo – Gangetic Plains, the Desert Regions of the west, the Coastal Plains and the Islands (Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep). This varied topography influenced the climate and in turn the diet, dress, customs ans culture of the people. For example, people living in mountains and forest regions are more physically fit and live a challenging and an adventurous life than people living on plains. 

Answer: 7th

India is the seventh largest country on the basis of land area

Heat zones are the different zones of the earth, where the sun's rays fall differently, thus causing different climate patterns. These zones are called the Torrid Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Frigid Zones. The Torrid Zone is very hot since the sun shines overhead here. The Temperate Zones maintain a moderate climate, and the Frigid Zones are extremely cold. 

History has a great impact on the society because the interaction between the society and its past is an unending one, the interaction is mutual and continuous. History is involved because of historians effort in shaping the group memory and self-perception of the society. History helps us develop a better understanding of the world. You can't build a framework on which to base your life without understanding how things work in the world. History paints us a detailed picture of how society, technology, and government worked way back when so that we can better understand how it works now.