What is cell and explain parts …

Parts

Cell Membrane

• The outer boundary of cell enclosing nucleus and cytoplasm is called cell membrane or plasma membrane.
• The cell membrane separates cell and its components from the outside environment. Also, it separates cells from one another.
• The cell membrane is porous to specific ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cells. Therefore, the cell membrane is selectively permeable.
• It gives shape to the cell.
• In plant cells, there is an additional thick layer surrounding cell membrane called cell wall. The cell wall gives rigidity to the cell. It protects the plant cells against different environmental conditions like high wind speed, atmospheric pressure, etc. We can observe cells in the leaf peel of Tradescantia, Elodea, Rhoeo or onion peel.

Cytoplasm

• It is a jelly like fluid present between nucleus and cell membrane.
• Organelles like chloroplast, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, ribosomes, etc. are dispersed in cytoplasm.

Nucleus

• Generally, it is spherical in shape and located in the center of the cell.
• A membrane called nuclear membrane separates nucleus from the cytoplasm.
• The nucleus is the control center as it regulates all the activities of the cell.
• When nucleus is observed under microscope, a small spherical body in the nucleus was seen and called nucleolus. Also, it contains thread-like structures called chromosome. These chromosomes carry genetic material (genes) and help in inheritance/transfer of characters from parents to offspring.
• The nuclear membrane is porous and allows the movement of materials between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm (Nucleolus and Chromosomes).

• Cell: The fundamental unit of structure and function in living organism.

Example: Blood cells, Nerve cells, etc.

Cell is made up of basically 3 components:  Cell Membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

Cell Membrane

• The outer boundary of cell enclosing nucleus and cytoplasm is called cell membrane or plasma membrane.
• The cell membrane separates cell and its components from the outside environment. Also, it separates cells from one another.
• The cell membrane is porous to specific ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cells. Therefore, the cell membrane is selectively permeable.
• It gives shape to the cell.
• In plant cells, there is an additional thick layer surrounding cell membrane called cell wall. The cell wall gives rigidity to the cell. It protects the plant cells against different environmental conditions like high wind speed, atmospheric pressure, etc. We can observe cells in the leaf peel of Tradescantia, Elodea, Rhoeo or onion peel.

Cytoplasm

• It is a jelly like fluid present between nucleus and cell membrane.
• Organelles like chloroplast, mitochondria, golgi apparatus, ribosomes, etc. are dispersed in cytoplasm.

Nucleus

• Generally, it is spherical in shape and located in the center of the cell.
• A membrane called nuclear membrane separates nucleus from the cytoplasm.
• The nucleus is the control center as it regulates all the activities of the cell.
• When nucleus is observed under microscope, a small spherical body in the nucleus was seen and called nucleolus. Also, it contains thread-like structures called chromosome. These chromosomes carry genetic material (genes) and help in inheritance/transfer of characters from parents to offspring.
• The nuclear membrane is porous and allows the movement of materials between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm (Nucleolus and Chromosomes).