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Mineral as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure. These are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc. Minerals are usually found in 'ores'.

Mineral is defined as a “homogenous, naturally occurring substance with a definable internal structure.” Minerals are found in varied forms in nature, ranging from the hardest diamond to the softest talc. Rocks are combinations of homogeneous substances called minerals.

Mode of Occurrence of Minerals

Minerals are usually found in “ores”. The term ore is used to describe an accumulation of any mineral mixed with other elements. Minerals generally occur in the following forms:

• In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in the cracks, crevices, faults or joints.
• In sedimentary rocks, a number of minerals occur in beds or layers.
• The decomposition of surface rocks and the removal of soluble constituents also forms the minerals.
• Minerals also occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills.
• The ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals.

Classification of Minerals