Expain the function of a) parliament …

Ans Function of Parliament:

• Legislative Functions: The Parliament makes laws on all subjects listed in the Union List. It can also make laws on subjects listed under the Concurrent List
• Financial Control: Union Parliament has exclusive powers to provide ways and means through which revenue has to be raised for public services.
• Providing and exercising control over Cabinet: Our Parliamentary system blends the legislative and the executive organs of the State in as much as the executive power is wielded by a group of Members of the Legislature who command majority in the Lok Sabha.
• Constitutional Functions: The power to amend the Constitution vests with the Parliament. Constitutional amendments have to be passed by each house by a majority of total membership as well as by two-third majority of members present in voting.
   

Functions of a Legislature:

• Legislative or Law-making Functions: The first and foremost function of a legislature is to legislate i.e. to make laws.
• Deliberative Functions: To deliberate upon matters of national importance, public issues, problems and needs is an important function of a modern legislature.
• Custodian of National Finances: It holds the purse of the nation and controls the finances. No money can be raised or spent by the executive without the approval of the legislature.
• Control over the Executive: A modern legislature has the power to exercise control over the executive. In a parliamentary system of government, like the one which is at work in India, for all its actions, decisions, and policies, the executive is collectively responsible before the legislature.
  
  The judiciary of India is a powerful and independent institution. It is a mechanism for the legal redressal of disputes and prosecution of legal offenders as well. Apart from this, the judiciary at the higher level also interprets the Constitution and resolves disputes between the centre and states as well as between different states. It protects the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution and is the mechanism to seek recourse to constitutional remedies. It also strikes down any law that contravenes the Constitution in letter and spirit. Along with the legislature and the executive, it is one of the three pillars of Indian democracy.