Define the term mountain. classify mountains. …

A mountain is the natural elevation of the earth’s surface. A mountain may be narrow at top and broad at the base. The elevation of mountain is considerably more than that of surrounding area.
There are three types of mountains, viz. fold mountains, block mountains and volcanic mountains.
Fold Mountains: When a tectonic plate gets pressure from two sides, it gets folded. Some of its portion becomes elevated and forms the mountains.
Block Mountains: When large areas are broken and displaced vertically, Block Mountains are formed.
Volcanic Mountains: A mountain formed due to volcanic activity is called Volcanic Mountain.

Importance of Mountains:

• Mountains are rich sources of water. Many important rivers originate from glaciers on mountains. Water from the mountains is used for irrigation and also for power generation.
• River valleys and terraces are ideal for cultivation.
• Mountains are rich in flora and fauna. The plant species of a place is called flora. The animal species of a place is called fauna.
• Mountains provide many forest produce; like wood, herbs, medicinal plants, honey, catechu, etc.
• Mountains are ideal tourist spots. Many adventure sports are only possible in the mountains; like river rafting, paragliding, hang gliding, skiing, etc.