A disease is a condition that deteriorates the normal functioning of the cells, tissues, and organs.
When a person is inflicted with a disease, he exhibits a few symptoms and signs that range from normal to severe depending upon the medical condition. Hence, in order to identify different diseases, the normalcy of an entity needs to be studied and understood as a clear demarcation between disease and disease-free is not always apparent.

• The heat energy which has to be supplied to change the state of a substance is called its latent heat.
• Latent heat does not raise (or increase) the temperature. But latent heat has always to be supplied to change the state of a substance .The word ‘latent’ means ‘hidden’.
• The latent heat which we supply is used up in overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles of substance during the change of state. Latent heat does not increase the kinetic energy of the particles of the substance, so the temperature of a substance does not rise during the change of state.

In 1774, Louis XVI, a 20 year young from Bourbon dynasty ascended the throne of France.
He was welcomed by empty treasure. The France was reeling under tremendous debt which had mounted Up to 2 billion livres.For meeting theses expenses increase in the tax was inevitable.

The French Society was divided into three estates. First two enjoyed all privileges.

1st Estate: Clergy
2nd Estate: Nobility
3rd Estate: Big businessmen, merchants, court officials, peasants, artisans, landless labourers, servants, etc.

• Some within the Third Estate were rich and some were poor.
• The burden of financing activities of the state through taxes was borne by the Third Estate alone.

Many students get  confused about the terms 'Conductance' and 'Conductivity'. The inverse of resistance is called Conductance(C or G) and the inverse of resistivity, ρ(Greek, rho) is called Conductivity(κ) ( or specific conductance), κ = 1/ρ. Thus, conductivity of a solution is the conductance of 1 cm3(or 1 m3) of the solution of the electrolyte. One should use the term 'Molar conductivity' rather than 'Molar conductance'.

Conductivity: The reciprocal of resistance of an electrolyte in aqueous solution is known as its conductivity. It is equal to 
Molar Conductivity: Molar conductivity of a solution is defined as the conductance of all ions present in one mole of electrolyte in the solution. If M is the molar concentration in mol L^–1, then.


Fig: Molar conductivity versus C^1/2 for acetic acid (week electrolyte) and potassium chloride (strong electrolyte in aqueous solutions)
The curve shown below gives the change in conductance against square root of concentrations. We observe that for strong electrolytes like KCl, the conductance does not change much with decrease in  whereas in the case of weak electrolyte like acetic acid (CH₃COOH) it increases much with decrease in 

Factors Affecting Climate Changes

• Topography: It means the shape of a land. Latitudes and elevation ranges are one of the factors that lead to fluctuation in surface temperatures. It can lead to local changes in climate.

• Sea level: Distance from the sea and nearby water bodies are one of the influential factors that affect the climate of a region. The surface temperatures in Sea have an effect on land temperatures. Coastal areas are cooler and wetter than internal areas. This leads to cloud formation when warm air from these interior areas meets cool air from the sea.

• Ocean currents: Ocean currents could transfer heat energy from land to sea or vice versa thus affecting the temperature of the region.

• Prevailing winds: Winds distribute particular air masses. The direction of the wind could determine the climate of a region. Since the wind from the humid region could bring cool air while that from the dry region would bring hot air.

The business environment is the total of all factors external to the business firm, and that greatly influences their functioning. It covers factors and forces like customers, competitors, suppliers, government, and social, cultural, political, technological, and legal conditions.

An article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases. The category of articles constitutes a part of speech. In English, both "the" and "a/an" are articles, which combine with a noun to form a noun phrase.

It's Barter System

A system in which goods were exchanged for goods.