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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 3 months ago
The elasticity of supply establishes a quantitative relationship between the supply of a commodity and it’s price. Hence, we can express the numeral change in supply with the change in the price of a commodity using the concept of elasticity. Note that elasticity can also be calculated with respect to the other determinants of supply.
However, the major factor controlling the supply of a commodity is its price. Therefore, we generally talk about the price elasticity of supply. The price elasticity of supply is the ratio of the percentage change in the price to the percentage change in quantity supplied of a commodity.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 3 months ago
Extension and contraction of demand. Rise in demand due to fall in price of a commodity itself, other things remaining the same, is called extension of demand. It results in downward movement along a demand curve. Expansion in demand refers to a rise in the quantity demanded due to a fall in the price of commodity.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 3 months ago
(a) OWN PRICE OF THE GIVEN COMMODITY
- Own price is the most important determinant of demand.
- When own price of a commodity falls, its demand rises and when own price rises, its demand falls.
- Thus we can say that there is an indirect relation between price of a commodity and its quantity demanded.
(b) PRICE OF RELATED GOODS
- When the price of the substitute goods rises then demand for the given commodity also rises and vice-versa.
- Like, if Price of Maruti Swift increases, demand for i20 will rise.
(c) INCOME OF THE CONSUMER
(i) Normal Goods (Positive relation)
These are the goods whose demand rises with the rise in income. E.g. Basmati Rise
(ii) Inferior Goods (Negative relation)
These are the goods whose demand falls with the rise in income and vice versa. e.g. Low quality rice.
(iii) Necessities:
A third category is also there, necessities, demand for these generally do not change with change in income e.g. life-saving drugs.
(d)TASTE AND PREFERENCES OF THE CONSUMER
- Demand for a commodity is also affected by taste and preferences.
- It rises if there is a favorable change in the taste and preferences of the consumer and vice versa.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 3 months ago
Monotonic preferences. Consumer's preferences are monotonic if and only if between two bundles, consumer prefers the bundle which has more of atleast one of the good and not less of other good as compared to other bundles. In other words consumer's preferences are called monotonic when between any two bundles (x1, x2) and (y1, y2), if (x1, x2) has more of at least one of the goods and no less of the other good as compared to (y1, y2) ), the consumer prefers (x1, x2) to (y1, y2)
For example, between two bundles (10, 9) and (9, 9), consumer's preference of bundle (10, 9) to (9, 9) will be called monotonic preference.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 3 months ago
2Thank You