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Tanya Chaurasia 7 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
‘One-party dominance’ in the Indian context means that the Congress won the majority of seats in the first three general elections in 1952,1957 and 1962 under democratic conditions where free and fair elections and the results were accepted by all.
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Sia ? 4 years, 9 months ago
The difference between fundamental rights and directive principles are discussed in the points given below:
- Fundamental Rights can be understood as the basic freedoms enjoyed by every citizen of the country, which is recognized by society and sanctioned by the State. Conversely, When laws and policies are framed by the central or state government, certain principles are considered, called as directive principles of state policy.
- Fundamental rights are defined under Part III of the Constitution, comprising articles from 12 to 35. As against, Directive Principles of State Policy are embodied under Part IV of the Constitution, containing articles from 36 to 51.
- Fundamental rights are negative in nature, in the sense that it prevents the government from doing certain things. In contrast, Directive Principles are positive, as it requires the government to do certain things.
- Fundamental Rights are justiciable, as they can be enforced, whereas the directive principles are non-justiciable, in that, they are not enforceable in the court of law.
- While fundamental rights establish political democracy, directive principles set social and economic democracy.
- Fundamental Rights are legal sanctions, but directive principles are moral and political sanctions.
- Fundamental Rights follows an individualistic approach, and so it promotes individual welfare. On the contrary, Directive Principles promotes the welfare of the community as a whole.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
Emergency was proclaimed in response to petition filed by Raj Narain to declare Indira Gandhi’s election invalid.
(i) On June 25, 1975, the government declared the threat of internal disturbances to invoke Article 352 of constitution.
(ii) Article 352 can declare emergency on ground of either internal or external disturbances.
(iii) The government decided a grave crisis to be arisen to proclaim emergency to bring law and order, restore efficiency and implement pro-poor welfare programmes.
(iv) The President Fakhruddin Adi Ahmad proclaimed emergency which became the most controversial episode in Indian Politics.
Posted by Veer Gurjar 7 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
- The principal players in the ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka are Sinhala, who are the majority community, and Tamil who are the minority community.
- The Sri Lanka crisis continues to be violent. However, international actors, particularly the Scandinavian countries such as Norway and Iceland have been trying to bring the warring groups back to negotiations. The future of the islands hinges on the outcome of these talks.
- Sinhalese are hostile to Tamils (who had migrated from India to Sri Lanka) and settled there. The Sinhalese believe that Sri Lanka should not give concessions to the Tamils because Sri Lanka belongs to the Sinhalese only. The neglect of Tamil concerns led to militant Tamil Nationalism. From 1983 onwards, the militant organisation LTTE has been fighting an armed struggle with the army of Sri Lanka and demanding Tamil Elam or a separate country for the Tamils of Sri Lanka.
Gaurav Seth 7 years, 1 month ago
The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggle for the recognition of Tamil as an official language, for regional
autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education and jobs. But their demand for more autonomy to provinces
populated by the Tamils was repeatedly denied. By 1980s several political organisations were formed demanding an
independent Tamil Eelam (State) in northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.
The distrust between the two communities turned into widespread conflict. It soon turned into a CIVIL WAR. As a result
thousands of people of both the communities have been killed. Many families were forced to leave the country as
refugees and many more last their livelihood.
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Tanya Chaurasia 7 years, 1 month ago
1Thank You