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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
The process of transformation of rocks from one form to the other in a cyclic manner is known as the rock cycle. It includes the following processes:
- Hot lava cools down to form igneous rocks.
- Igneous rocks are then broken down into small particles which are transported and then deposited. This results in the formation of sedimentary rocks.
- When igneous and sedimentary rocks are subjected to great heat and pressure, they change into metamorphic rocks.
- Metamorphic rocks under heat and pressure breakdown and form hot lava.
- This hot magma then again cools down and forms igneous rocks and the cycle is repeated.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
The Himalayas were formed as a result of the collision between the Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate. Read the description given below:
- Because of the impact of convectional currents, the crust was split into many pieces. The Indo–Australian plate got separated from the Gondwanaland and drifted towards the north.
- As it drifted towards the north, it collided with the Eurasian plate. As a result of this collision, the sedimentary rocks which were settled in the large-scale depression in the Earth’s crust called Tethys were folded and formed the Himalayas.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
The lava that is released during volcanic eruptions on cooling develops into igneous rocks. The cooling may take place on their reaching the surface or also while the lava is still in the crustal portion. The lava that cools within the crustal portion assumes different forms called intrusive forms.
Posted by Abhay Chhetri 6 years, 11 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
Physical geography includes study of Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere & Biosphere- each element is very important for human beings.
Landforms provide base for agriculture, industries, transport and communication, and settlements. Mountains provide water to rivers, forests-center for tourist spots.
Climate influences on the cropping pattern, livestock, food and clothes of the people.
limate and precipitation influence the type of forests. Oceans provide food, water transport, and influence the climate; they are the source of hydrological cycle. (i) Geomorphology is devoted to the study of land forms, their evolution and related processes.
(ii) Climatology encompasses the study of structure of atmosphere and elements of weather and climates and climatic types and regions.
(iii) Hydrology studies the realm of water over the surface of the earth including oceans, lakes, rivers and other water bodies and its effect on different life forms including human life and their activities.
(iv) Soil Geography is devoted to study the processes of soil formation, soil types, their fertility status, distribution and use
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
It is one form of soil degradation. Soil erosion occurs in almost all types of lands. Flowing water, rainwater, and the wind are the prime agents which cause a significant amount of soil loss each year. Too much of soil erosion causes serious loss of topsoil and also reduces crop production potential, lower surface water quality, and damaged drainage networks.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
The atmosphere is composed of a number of gases, water vapour and dust particles. Nitrogen and Oxygen are two main gases, which form over 99% of the total volume of the atmosphere. The other gases are argon, carbon dioxide, neon, helium ozone hydrogen, methane, etc. The following chart gives percentage of permanent gases in the atmosphere:
Water vapour is the most important element of the atmosphere. The average amount of water vapour is nearly 2% of the atmosphere by volume, it may-vary from 4% in the worm and wet tropics to less than 1% in dry and cold areas of deserts and the polar regions.
Dust particles comprise the third major component of the atmosphere. They are derived from different sources and include: sea salts, smoke-soot, fine soil, ash, pollen, dust, etc.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 11 months ago
| Waves | Tides | Currents |
| Formed due to the forces exerted by winds on the water surface | Formed due to the interaction of gravitational forces between the Earth, Sun and Moon | Formed as a result of temperature differences on oceanic surfaces |
| Waves are defined as the energy that moves across the surface of the water | Tides are defined as the rise and fall of the sea level | Currents are defined as the direction of flow of a body of water |
| The intensity of waves are influenced by wind factors | The intensity of tides are influenced by the location and position of the Earth | The intensity of currents are influenced by winds, temperature differences in water and the oceanic surface topography |
| Waves occur regularly across bodies of water | Tides occur twice a day | Equatorial currents like El Nino occur every few years |
| Waves move from side to side | Tides move up and down | Currents flow clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counter clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. This is known as the Coriolis Effect. |
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Rehana Mehnaz 6 years, 11 months ago
1Thank You