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Posted by Pranav Karve 7 years, 1 month ago
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Gaurav Seth 7 years, 1 month ago
SONAR- The acronym SONAR stands for Sound Navigation and Ranging.
Sonar is a device that uses ultrasonic waves to measure the distance, direction and speed of underwater objects.
Principle: It uses the phenomenon of echoes in determining the sea-depth and locating the presence of under-water objects.
Working:
i) A strong beam of ultrasonic waves is sent from a transmitter mounted on the ship.
ii) The beam is reflected from the seabed and is received by an under-water detector which is also mounted on the ship.
iii) The time interval between transmission and reception of the ultrasonic signal is noted.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
Composite Fish Culture System:
Sometimes fish culture is done in combination with rice crops so that fish grow along with paddy in the standing water. Both local & imported varieties of fish can be used in such systems.
In such a system, 5/6 species of fish are selected & reared in a single fish pond. The species are selected on the basis of their feeding habits and they should not compete for food & should not kill each other in the pond.
Three different varieties are
Surface feeders- Catla
Middle zone- Rohu
Bottom feeders- Mrigals & Carps
Advantages:-
- Fish do not compete for food.
- Food available in different zones is utilized.
- Carps consume only aquatic weeds.
- Very high yield is obtained.
Disadvantages:-
- Many fish breed only in the rainy season so hormonal stimulation has to be given.
- Good quality seeds are not available.
Posted by Pradeep Choudhary 7 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
Relative velocity is the velocity with which an object moves w.r.t. another object. Hence, the relative velocity is defined as the time rate of change of relative position of one object w.r.t. the other.
Let’s understand it using an example.
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
| Non-chordates | Chordates |
| Vertebral column is absent | Vertebral column is present |
| Central nervous system is solid and ventral | It is hollow and dorsal |
| If heart is present, it is dorsal | Heart is ventral |
| If haemoglobin is present, it is dissolved in plasma. | Haemoglobin is present in Red blood cells. |
| No post **** tail | Post **** tail is present |
| E.g. Protozoa, Arthropods, Annelida | E.g. Aves, Reptiles, Mammals |
Posted by Mir Sajid 7 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
| Osmosis | Diffusion |
| It is limited only to the liquid medium. | Occurs in all mediums – Solid, Liquid and gas. |
| Requires a semipermeable membrane. | Do not require a semipermeable membrane. |
| Depends on the number of solute particles dissolved in the solvent. | Depends on the presence of other particles. |
| Requires water for the movement of particles. | Do not require water for the movement of particles. |
| Only the solvent molecules can diffuse. | Both the molecules of solute and solvent can diffuse. |
| The flow of particles occurs only in one direction. | The flow of particles occurs in all the directions. |
| The entire process can either be stopped or reversed by applying additional pressure on the solution side. | This process can neither be stopped nor reversed. |
Akanksha Kumari? 7 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 7 years, 1 month ago
Reverberation is the phenomenon of overlapping of sound caused by multiple reflections. Reverberation causes the overlapping of several reflected waves. If the time gap between the reflected waves is so short that these cannot be distinguished. So we hear multiple noisy sounds.
Advantages of Reverberation :
Reverberations do wonders when it comes to musical symphonies and orchestra halls, when the right amount of reverberation is present, the sound quality gets enhanced drastically. This is the reason why sound engineers are appointed during the construction of these halls.
Disadvantages of Reverberation:
If a room has about nearly no any sound absorbing surfaces like wall, roof and the floor, the sound is said to bounce back between the surfaces and also it takes a very long time as the sound dies. In such a room, the listener will then have a problem for registering the speaker. This is because he tends to hears both the direct sound as well as the repeated reflected sound waves. And also if these reverberations will be more excessive, the sound is said to run together with a mere loss of articulation, and it becomes muddy and also garbled.
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Vivansh Pandey 7 years, 1 month ago
4Thank You