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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 7 months ago
According to the law of conservation of momentum, the sum of momenta of two objects before collision is equal to the sum of momenta after collision, provided there is no external unbalanced force acting on the objects.
Suppose two balls A and B, of masses mA and mB are travelling in the same direction along a straight line at different velocities uA and uB. And there are no other external unbalanced forces acting on them. Let uA > uB and the two balls collide with each other. During collision which lasts for a time t, the ball A exerts a force FAB on ball B and the ball B exerts a force FBA on ball A.
Suppose vA and vB are the velocities of the two balls A and B after the collision, respectively.
The momenta of ball A before and after the collision are mA uA and mA vA. The rate of change of its momentum (or FAB, action) during the collision will be
mA (vA - uA)/t
Similarly, the rate of change of momentum of ball B (= FBA or reaction) during the collision will be
mB (vB - uB)/t.
According to the third law of motion, the force FAB exerted by ball A on ball B (action) and the force FBA exerted by the ball B on ball A (reaction) must be equal and opposite to each other. Therefore,
FAB = – FBA
or
mA (vA - uA)/t = -mB (vB - uB)/t. This gives,
mA uA + mB uB = mA uA + mB vB
where mA and mB are masses of the bodies, u1 and u2 are initial velocities of the bodies and v1 and v2 are final velocities of the bodies.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 7 months ago
The continuous process by which nitrogen is exchanged between organisms and the environment is called nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient, needed to make amino acids and other important organic compounds, but most organisms cannot use free nitrogen, which is abundant as a gas in the atmosphere.
Nitrogen cycle involves the following steps:
(i) Nitrogen fixation: This process involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates, which are soluble in water. This is done by various nitrogen fixing bacteria. Example - Rhizobium, blue green algae and bacterium Azotobacter.
(ii) Ammonification: It is the process of decomposing complex, dead organic matter into ammonia. This is done by microorganisms living in the soil.
(iii) Nitrification: It is the process of conversion of ammonia into nitrites and then into nitrates. This is done by nitrifying bacteria. Example - Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter.
(iv) Denitrification: It is the process of reducing nitrates present in the soil to release nitrogen back into the atmosphere. Example - Pseudomonas.
The decomposers help in decomposing the dead bodies of plants and animals, and hence act as cleansing agents of environment. The decomposers also help in putting back the various elements of which the dead plants and animals were made, back into the soil, air and water for reuse by the producers like crop-plants, e.g. the decomposers like purifying bacteria and fungi decompose the dead plants and animal bodies into ammonia. This ammonia is converted into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria present in soil. These nitrates act as fertilizer in the soil and are again absorbed by the plants for their growth. Thus, the nitrates act as fertilizer in the biosphere so that the process of life may go on and on like an unending chain.
Posted by Isha Jindal 5 years, 7 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 2 months ago
Let the mass of earth be M
Let the radius of earth be R
Therefore, mass of planet = M/9
and radius of planet = R/2
Value of g on earth = GM/R^2
Therefore, value of g on planet g’ = GM/9(R/2)^2 = 4GM/9R^2
So, g’ = 4g/9
Weight of body on earth = 9 N = mg
Therefore, Weight of body on that planet = 4mg/9 = 4*9/9 N = 4 N
Therefore, required weight on that planet is equal to 4 N.
Posted by Diya Mundra 5 years, 7 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 6 months ago
Elements forming ionic compounds achieve this by either gaining or losing electrons from the outermost shell.
The bonds which are formed by the sharing of an electron pair between two atoms are known as covalent bonds.
Posted by Brunda Behara 5 years, 7 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
Bryophyta
- The organisms belonging to this group are called the amphibians of the plant kingdom.
- The body of the plant gets differentiated that leads to the formation of stem and leaf-like
- The organisms belonging to this group has naked embryos that are called spores.
- These organisms have no specialized tissue for conduction of water and other substances from one part of the body of plant to other.
- Examples of organisms belonging to this group are moss (Funaria) and Marchantia.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
Peptic ulcers are caused by Heliobacter pylori..
Peptic ulcers are open sore like structures which occur mainly in stomach
It happens when acid released to digest food causes sores on the lining of stomach,it also happens when anti inflammatory substances like aspirin is taken in more amounts..in such conditions when spicy food is taken it makes these ulcers worse.
Posted by Ekta Tawari 5 years, 7 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
The practice of keeping or rearing, caring and management of honey bee on a large scale for obtaining honey and wax is called apiculture.
The place where bees are raised is called apiary. Besides honey, other products of bee-keeping are bee wax, bee venom, propolis and royal jelly.
Bee-keeping require low investment and generates additional income, hence it is done by farmers along with agriculture.
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Posted by Anshu Kumar 5 years, 7 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
When salt is applied to vegetables, it creates a higher ion concentration at the surface than exists deep within the cells. To equalize the concentration levels, the water within the cells is drawn out through the permeable cell walls by the process of osmosis.
Posted by Sameer Gupta 5 years, 7 months ago
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Khushdeep Kaur Lehal 5 years, 7 months ago
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Harjot Singh 5 years, 7 months ago
1Thank You