Kelvin = (Celsius + 273.15)

Kelvin = (50 + 273.15)

Kelvin =323.15

The nucleolus is the organelle which produces ribosomes.

 Genes are located in the chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell.

Genes are the units of heredity that are passed on from the parents to the offsprings, they determine characteristics of the offspring. They are a distinct sequence of nucleotides that form a part of a chromosome. Genes are found present in almost every single cell’s nucleus and are composed of DNA strands.

Endocytosis is the process of engulfing food and other materials by a cell from the external environment. The flexibility of the cell membrane helps in the process For example - Amoeba engulf food through this process.

A plant cell wall is arranged in layers and contains cellulose microfibrils, hemicellulose, pectin, lignin, and soluble protein. These components are organized into three major layers: the primary cell wall, the middle lamella, and the secondary cell wall.  In the primary (growing) plant cell wall, the major carbohydrates are cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. The cellulose microfibrils are linked via hemicellulosic tethers to form the cellulose-hemicellulose network, which is embedded in the pectin matrix.  

Inside the nucleoplasm a tangled mass of thread-like structures is called chromatin. They are formed of an acid called Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and proteins. When a cell starts to divide, the tangled mass of chromatin condense into long threads and finally, rod-like bodies called chromosomes. The chromosomes contain stretches of DNA which carry information for protein synthesis. A gene is called the hereditary unit and DNA is called the hereditary material. A chromatid is one copy of duplicated chromosome which is generally joined to the other copy by a centromere.

The pores present on the nuclear membrane allow transport of water-soluble molecules across the nuclear envelope. RNA and ribosomes move out of the nucleus, whereas carbohydrates, lipids and proteins move into the nucleus.

Golgi apparatus or Golgi complexes are bodies present in both animal and plant cells. 

The Golgi bodies put together the macromolecules like lipids and proteins like digestive enzymes and membrane proteins after they are synthesized in the cells. 

Therefore, the cells which secrete more digestive enzymes have a larger number of golgi bodies to bundle up the synthesized products.

Animals do not have rigid walls because cell walls are incompatible with the way in which an animal moves and grow. The flaccid cell membrane provides the animal cell freedom of mobility and formation of different tissues which is not present in plants.

• The simple permanent tissues are made of similar cells performing similar functions.
• These are the basic packaging tissues in the plants.

The physical quantity which corresponds to the rate of change of displacement is velocity.

The SI unit of velocity is m/s.

Velocity = Displacement / Time.

The physical quantity which corresponds to the rate of change of velocity is acceleration.

The SI unit of acceleration is m/s².

Acceleration = Change in velocity / Time.

Catalysts are substances including solid, liquid and gases that increase the rate of a chemical reactions and are vital to the chemical industry. They allow the efficient production of many chemicals and are used in a vast range of industrial applications including fine chemicals, refinery operations, edible oils, pharmaceuticals and polymers. Specific applications include the reduction of environmental emissions and the production of low sulphur fuels.

A pure substance consists of a single type of particles. In other words, a substance is a pure single form of matter. As we look around, we can see that most of the matter around us exist as mixtures of two or more pure components, for example, sea water, minerals, soil etc. are all mixtures. Mixture of two or more substances with one phase only, i.e. having no distinct boundary of constituent particles are called solution. For example, solution of sugar and water, solution of salt and water, lemonade, soft drinks, etc. ... Solute: Substance which is present in smaller quantity in a mixture is called solute.

Microvilli  are microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and minimize any increase in volume, and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion, cellular adhesion, and mechanotransduction. Microvilli are most often found in the small intestine, on the surface of egg cells, as well as on white blood cells. In the intestine, they work in conjunction with villi to absorb more nutrients and more material because they expand the surface area of the intestine.

Nucleus

• The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell.
• The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm.
• It controls the cell’s growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information.
• It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane.
• The nuclear membrane contains pores due to which materials can travel both inside the nucleus from its outer surrounding i.e. cytoplasm.

U= initial velocity= 80 km/h = 22.2 m/s
v= final velocity = 60 km/h = 16.7 m/s
t= time = 5 s
a= acceleration = ?
a=v-u/t
a= 16.7-22.2/5
a= -5.5/5
Therefore, a=-1.1 m/s2

Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be `20 km h^(-1)`. On his. Abdul, while driving to school, computes the average speed for his trip to be `20 km h^(-1)`. On his return trip along the same route, there is less traffic and the average speed is `30 km h^(-1)`

Pure substances are substances that are made up of only one kind of particles and has a fixed or constant structure.

Pure substances are further classified as elements and compounds.