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Generally, up to a total of three electrons can be transferred in this way forming Monovalent, Divalent and Trivalent ions. Positively charged ions are known as Cations and negatively charged ions are known as Anions. Therefore, Al3+ is a trivalent cation and S2- is a divalent ion.
Posted by Arun Kushwah 4 years, 7 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years, 7 months ago
Newton's universal law of gravitation states that when two body are separated by a distance r, then both attract each other with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses (m1 and m2) and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them (r). This force is termed as gravitational force.
Mathematically, gravitation force is given by F= Force = m*a = G(M1*M2)/r^2.
where G is gravitational constant.
Posted by Arun Kushwah 4 years, 7 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years, 7 months ago
(i) Plot B refers to chemical fertilisers which give short-term benefits because they are nutrient specific. The continuous use of fertilisers in an area destroy soil fertility so there is gradual decrease in yield after sometime.
(ii) Manures help in enriching soil with nutrients and organic matter and increase the soil fertility. They also improve the soil structure. The plot A demonstrates the trend that the addition of manures into the soil have long term benefits in terms of high yield.
(iii) Manures are natural ways of enriching the soil whereas fertilisers are commercially produced plant nutrients. They do not have organic matter like in manure to replenish the soil with useful microbes. Therefore, in plot A manures give high yield while plot B gives high yield for a short time and then it decreases.
Posted by Arun Kushwah 4 years, 7 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years, 7 months ago
Crop which has been developed by introducing a new gene from any other source, to obtain the desired character, is called as genetically modified (GM) crop. Bt Cotton is an example of GM crop which is made insect resistant by introducing a gene from a bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis. It produces a toxin that kills the boll worms that feed on cotton plant.
Posted by Arun Kushwah 4 years, 7 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years, 7 months ago
The weight of an object is less at the equator than at the poles because of the distance of the objects from the centre of the Earth.
- We know that the Earth does not has a perfect spherical shape, it is bulged out at the equators.
- Thus the distance of the objects that are placed at the equator would be more from the centres as compared to the ones that are kept at the poles.
- We know that gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance therefore, the gravitational force (weight) of the object is less at the equators than the poles.
Posted by Pranav Susar 4 years, 7 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 4 years, 7 months ago
The concepts of assertion and reasoning have been stated in class 9 syllabus of science for students.
assertion refers to a situation when one is very confident about what he/she is saying. So it involves a positive belief about something and it is generally a fact or a belief.
On the other hand, in case of reasoning, one needs to be presented with a number of logical facts or figures before he/she can believe upon anything. So this is used for methodology and other cases.
But both these terms might not be in relation with one another at the same time.
Example:
Assertion: Light is not considered as matter.
Reason: Light does not occupy space, has no mass or volume.
(a) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are correct and reason is not the correct explanation for assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct but reason is incorrect.
(d) Both assertion and reason are incorrect.
Complete step by step answer:
> First, let us understand about matter in detail.
> Matter is a substance that has inertia and occupies physical space. As considered to modern physics, matter of various types of particles, each with mass and size. Matter can exist in several states. The three most common states are known as solids, liquids and gas. It is important to know that plasma is not a common state of matter on earth, but it is considered as the most common state in the universe.
Now, let us know about light.
Light is electromagnetic waves, its speed in vacuum is constant, it interacts with matter as a wave-like or a particle-like. In photoelectric effect it behaves as a particle –like, while in the interference it behaves as a wave-like.
For a more in-depth look, if we recall the definition of matter, “matter is anything that has mass and takes up space”. Well, light doesn’t have mass, and it doesn’t take up space; photons don’t repel each other when they get too close together the way atoms do. So, no, light doesn't matter.
Hence, both assertion and reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation for assertion. Therefore, option A is the required answer.
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Sia ? 4 years, 2 months ago
There are 2 resons for which the weight at equator is less that of poles :
1. Rotation of the earth:
The general equation for gravitational acceleration at various latitudes can be given as:
- r is radius of earth ,
is angular velocity of earth and
is angle of latitude.
Now, at equator , value of =0°, but at poles
= 90° , so we can say:
- Since the gravitational acceleration at the equator is less than that of the poles an object will have lesser weight at the equator.
2. Spheroidal shape of earth:
- The it is not completely spherical and the radius at the equator is slightly greater as compared to that of the poles.
- That is why , the gravitational acceleration at the equator is slightly less as compared to that of the poles.
- And hence the weight is lesser at the poles.
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+1 ions : Ammonium, Cesium, Copper, Ethyl, Francium , Gold, Hydrogen, Lithium, Mercury, Potassium, Rubidium, Sodium
+2 ions: Ba+2, Beryllium, Cadmium, Calcium, Cobalt, Copper, Gallium, Iron, Lead, Magnesium, Mercury, Polonium, Radium, Titanium, Ytterbium, Zinc
+3 ions : Al+3 ; Sb+3 ; Bi+3 ; Co+3 ; Ga+3 ; Au+3 ; Fe+3 ; Y+3
+4 ions: Pb+4 ; Po+4 ; Si+4 ; Ti+4 ; Zr+4
+5 ions: Sb+5 ; Bi+5
+6 ions: Po+6
+7 ion : Mn+7
4- ions : Ferrocyanide[ Fe(CN)6 ]4-, Pyrophosphate [P2O7] 4-, Silicate [SiO4] 4-, Silicide Si4-
3- ions : Antimonide Sb3-, Arsenate [AsO4] 3-, Arsenide As3-, Borate [BO3] 3-, Boride B3-, Citrate [C6H5O7] 3-, Hypophosphite [PO2] 3-, Nitride N3-, Perphosphate [PO5] 3-, Phosphate [PO4] 3-, Phosphide P3-, Phosphite [PO3] 3-
2- ions : Carbonate [CO3] 2-, Dichromate [Cr2O7] 2-, Hydrogen Phosphate [HPO4] 2-, Molybdate [MoO3] 2-, Oxalate [C2O4] 2-, Oxide O2-, Percarbonate [CO4]2-, Peroxide [O2] 2-, Tellurite [TeO3] 2-, Thiosulfate [S2O3] 2-, Titanate [TiO3] 2-
1- ion : Acetate, Aluminate, Bromate BrO3-, Bromide Br-, Bromite BrO2-, Chlorate ClO3-, Chloride Cl-, Chlorite ClO2-, Chromate CrO4-, Cyanate OCN-, Cyanide CN-, Dihydrogen Phosphate H2PO4-, Dihydrogen Phosphite H2PO3-, X-, thiocyanate, permanganate
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Chaithanya Raj 4 years, 7 months ago
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