Effects of Industrial Revolution in England on Indian Economy :
(i) Before the Industrial Revolution, India was a major producer of cotton and indigo, spices but after the revolution, it suffered a setback.
(ii) Industrial Revolution enabled England to produce more and more goods at cheaper rates. So they chose India as a vast market.
(iii) The Industrial Revolution threw the Indian artisans and handicrafts out of jobs.
(iv) Heavy duties were imposed on Indian goods.

The advent of the Mughal rule in India bought in rich culture and ethical changes. The history of Akbar dates down to the 16th century AD. He ruled India from 1556 to 1605 AD. He was the son of Humayun, who ruled over India for 26 years. In large the Mughals surely came to annex India under Babur, but they were unlike other cruel rulers who plundered India. The Mughals in fact helped India to flourish under their kingship.
Akbar was known for his very able ruling techniques, He had a fondness to gather knowledge from everyone that he met. His humbleness was his strongest point in dealing with his subjects. His approaching day today deliverance was simple yet very strategically aligned. His most important forte in administrating the country with such vast lands and religious vividness was the formulation of The Centralized Federal Government, a form of governance wherein the task was to delegate offices to governors of different states.

There are three different levels of courts in our country. There are several courts at the lower level while there is only one at the apex level. The courts that most people interact with are what are called subordinate or district courts. These are usually at the district or Tehsil level or in towns and they hear many kinds of cases. Each state is divided into districts that are presided over by a District Judge. Each state has a High Court which is the highest court of that state. At the top is the Supreme Court that is located in New Delhi and is presided over by the Chief Justice of India. The decisions made by the Supreme Court are binding on all other courts in India.

Sir Charles Wood, the President of the Board of Control of the English East India Company, had an important effect on spreading english learning and female education in India .When in 1854 he sent a despatch to Lord Dalhousie, the then Governor-General of India. Wood suggested that primary schools must adopt vernacular languages, high schools must adopt Anglo vernacular language and on college level English medium for education. This is known as Wood's despatch. Vocational and women's education were stressed upon.One of the most favourable step taken by EIC to create English class in Indian people to be used as workforce in company's administration.

• The judge conducts the trial impartially and in an open court.
• The judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the prosecution and the defence.
• The judge decides whether the accused person is guilty or innocent on the basis of the evidence presented and in accordance with the law.
• If the accused is convicted, then the judge pronounces the sentence. He may send the person to jail or impose a fine or both, depending on what the law prescribes.

Following points underline the importance of the judiciary :
i) It provides a mechanism for resolving disputes/conflicts between people, between people and the state government, between two state governments and between the centre/union and state governments.
ii) Because it is the final interpreter of the Constitution, it has the power to declare the law passed by the government as null and void if there is any kind violation of the principles and ideals of our Constitution.
iii) It upholds, enforces and protects the Fundamental Rights of every citizen of the country. People can move the court if any of their Fundamental Rights are violated.

No resource can be utilised without the intervention of people. It is the people who add value to a resource. Hence, people are considered as a resource.
Human beings, when imparted with proper knowledge, skills or technological know-how, can make the best use of natural resources by transforming physical material into a valuable resource. Therefore, people themselves are considered to be an important resource.

In India we have the rule of law. Laws are applied equally to all persons and that a certain set of fixed procedures need to be followed when a law is violated. To enforce this rule of law, we have a judicial system that consists of the mechanism of courts that a citizen can approach when a law is violated. As an organ of the State, the judiciary plays a crucial role in the functioning of India’s democracy. It can play this role only because it is independent.

Silicon Valley is the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in California in the United States including San Jose, Milpitas, Mountain View, Palo Alto, Sunnyvale, Cupertino, Campbell, Los Altos, Los Gatos, Santa Clara and Saratoga. Nowadays, Silicon Valley has become the technological leader in the world that Apple, Google, Facebook, HP, Cisco, NVIDIA, NETFLIX, Tesla and many other famous tech companies place their headquarters here.

The term ‘adivasi’ literally means ‘original inhabitants’ – are communities who lived, and often continue to live, in close association with forests. Around 8 per cent of India’s population is Adivasi and many of India’s most important mining and industrial centres are located in Adivasi areas. Adivasis are not a homogeneous population: there are over 500 different Adivasi groups in India. Adivasi societies are also most distinctive because there is often very little hierarchy among them. This makes them radically different from communities organised around principles of jati-varna (caste) or those that were ruled by kings.

Fundamental rights are mentioned in part-III of the constitution under article 12-35. These are the basics of democracy and only given to citizens. Incase of the violation of Fundamental Rights, a citizen can directly access to the judiciary.
In India, the following 6 fundamental rights are provided to Indian citizens-
(i) Right to equality (Art 14-18)- every person is equal in the eyes of law.It means that laws apply in the same manner to all.
(ii) Right to Freedom(Art 19-22) - It is also known as 'cluster of rights'. Freedom of sppech & expression, to assemble in peaceful manner, to form associations and unions. to reside any where in the country, to practice any profession, all are the part of this fundamental right.
(iii) Right against exploitation(Art 23-24)- As per constitution human trafficing, begar and child labour are prohibited.
(iv) Right to Freedom of Religion(Art 25-28)- Every person has the right to profess, practice and propogate any of the religions.
(v) Cultural & Educational Rights(Art 29 & 30)- Any section of the citizens with a distinct language and culture have a right to conserve it.
(vi) Right to constitutional remedies(Art 32)- Thus right makes other rights effective. As per this Fundamental right, if any FR is violated we can directly access to the supreme court.